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Learn about the collective risk faced by UNESCO World Heritage Sites from impact-generated tsunamis and land impacts. Discover the history of Antwerp Cathedral and the protection measures needed to safeguard cultural treasures. Explore insights on near-Earth asteroid populations and the potential risks they pose.
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Defending Cultural Assets Against a Cosmic Impact Risk 1000 gigajoules equal 0.239 kilotons TNT James Burke jdburke@caltech.edu Sergio Camacho sergioocamacho99@yahoo.com
UNESCO World Heritage Sites 802 Cultural 197 Natural 32 Combined Many are on coasts or coastal plains Impact-generated tsunamis are therefore a collective risk Land impacts can cause flooding Chelyabinsk shows ancient stained glass is at risk Prior archiving needed in case prevention fails
Near Earth Asteroid Population Harris, A and D Abramo, G., ICARUS 257, 302- 312, 1 September 2015 16-Oct-15 IAC 2015
Antwerp Cathedral Contains four famous Rubens paintings
Antwerp Cathedral History Groundbreaking 1352 Consecration 1521 Interior destroyed by fire 1533 Looting and destruction 1566, 1581 Paintings taken to Paris 1794 Paintings returned 1816 Survived siege 1914 and V1-V2 attack 1944 Major rebuiding 1965-1993 Designated World Heritage Site 1999
Chelyabinsk Meteor 17-m object, 500-KT explosion at 20-km height
Protection Measures In low countries vulnerable to tsunami, move cultural treasures to higher floors Prepare flood rescue facilities With Chelyabinsk example, prepare glass protection to be imstalled upon warning Create and archive info for rebuiding physical assets, copy and file backups for documents, music scores, etc.
Improving Detection and Evaluation Allocate more time on existing telescopes Provide more support to amateur observers Install southern hemisphere telescopes Install planetary radar at Australian DSN Launch NEOCam IR observatory to L1 Advocate other, e.g. Sentinel, IR 16-Oct-15 IAC 2015
Current Kinetic Deflection dHPO=50 [m] dHPO=200 [m] dHPO=500 [m] v=5 [km/s] v=10 [km/s] v=15 [km/s] Heavy payload SLS payload Required interceptor mass vs. years to impact 8 10 7 10 6 10 log(minterceptor) [log(kg)] 5 10 4 10 3 10 2 10 1 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 years to impact 16-Oct-15 IAC 2015
Kinetic Deflection Improvements Increased interception velocity while keeping/increasing interceptor momentum. Use of explosives/boosters to accelerate interceptor Increased momentum multiplication factor (?) by spreading mass on larger surface area of PHO Fragmenting interceptor to multiple impact sites for more ejecta 16-Oct-15 IAC 2015
Gaining Needed New Institutions Get PHO risk discussion, IAWN and SMPAG onto UN Security Council agenda Launch worldwide publicity campaign funded by foundations Conduct hands-on education activities by, e.g., astronomy clubs Execute simulations like the one at the 2015 IAA conference Convene an international planning congress 16-Oct-15 IAC 2015
If a Persuasion Effort Succeeds Found an intercept organization in world military- industrial complex, funded and chartered to maintain systems ready to launch upon order from UN S. C. Assess prospect of a quick start using ICBMs and existing launch systems. Engage DoE talent for directed-mass deflection both conventional and nuclear. Conduct in-space proof of concept missions. Begin policy studies looking toward transition to nuclear deflection. 16-Oct-15 IAC 2015
http://pdc.iaaweb.org http://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific %20Activity/pdcreportfinal.pdf
