Surveying and Levelling OER Repository of Questions and Illustrations
This collection includes questions based on theory, examples, and illustrations related to surveying and levelling. It covers topics such as permanent and temporary adjustments of a level, horizontal line versus level line differentiation, calculations of RL of points, reading levels of points by rise and fall method, and more. The content is targeted towards undergraduate civil and mining engineering students.
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SURVEYING & LEVELLING OER 6-Repository Of Questions 1 TEAM NO: 128 TEAM MEMBER 1: ANNAPURNA SAKHARDANDE, ASST PROF & HEAD , CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT, DON BOSCO COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING -GOA RC 1058 TEAM MEMBER 2: DEEPTI HAZARI, ASST PROF, CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT, BHILAI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DURG RC 1166 TARGET AUDIENCE: UG CIVIL/MINING ENGINEERING
2 OER 6 CONTENTS REPOSITORY OF QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS BASED ON THEORY 3 Q1 Differentiate between permanent and temporary adjustments of a level Q2 Name the Two permanent adjustments of Dumpy Level. If It is known that these adjustments are faulty, what precautions are necessary so that fairly accurate levelling may be done without adjusting the instrument? Q 3 Differentiate between a horizontal line and level line.
ILLUSTRATIONS 4 Example 2 The following staff readings were observed successively with a level, the instrument having been moved after third, sixth and eight reading : 2.228; 1.606; 0.988; 2.090; 2.864; 1.262; 0.602; 1.982; 1.044; 2.684 meters Enter the above readings in a page of a level book and calculate the RL Of points if the first reading was taken with a staff held on a bench mark of 432.384 m. ***** Example 3 : The following consecutive readings were taken with a level and 5 m levelling staff on continuously sloping ground at a common interval of 20 meters : 0.385 ; 1.030 ; 1.925 ; 2.825 ; 3.730; 4.685 ; 0.625 ; 2.005 ; 3.110 ; 4.485 . the reduced level of the first point was 208.125m . Rule out a page of a level field book and enter the above reading. Calculate the reading levels of the points by rise and fall method also the gradient of the line joining the first and the last point. ******
ILLUSTRATIONS .CONTD 5 Example 4 : It is required to ascertain the elevation of two points P & Q and a line of levels was from P to Q . The levelling was then continued to a bench mark of 83.500m , the readings obtained being as shown below. Obtain the R.L. of P & Q . BS 1.622 1.874 2.032 IS - - FS - 0.354 1.780 RL REMARK P 2.362 Q 0.984 1.906 1.122 2.824 2.036 8.116 83.500 BM 8.418 Hint : B.S.- F.S. =LAST R.L.-FISRT R.L=83.418-8.116=83.500-FIRST R.L. FIRST R.L.=83.500-(8.418-8.116)=83.198
Example 4 In running a fly levelling ,RL of BM given 183.125m,following reading were obtained BS: 1.215, 2.035, 1.980, 2.625 FS : 0.965 ,3.830, 0.980 From the last position of instrument 5 pegs at 20m intervals are to be set out on a uniform rising gradient of 1:40;the first peg is to have a RL of 181.580. Work out the staff readings required for the tops of the pegs on the given gradient. 6 STATION Distance BS IS FS HI RL REMARK 1 1.215 183.125 BM 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2.035 1.980 2.625 0.965 3.830 0.980 183.375 0 20 40 60 80 181.580 PEG 1
ILLUSTRATIONS .CONTD EXAMPLE 5: Complete the page with arithmetical checks 7 Station s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 TOTAL BS IS FS Rise Fall RL Remarks 3.65 B.M X 2.88 3.64 2.73 X 7.42 12.41 4.32 3.00 -6.17 7.32 C.P. staff held against ceiling X X X 108.26 C.P. 1.32 25.93 17.86
8 Example 6 In a leveling work, sum of the Back Sight (B.S.) and Fore Sight (F.S.) have been found to be 3.085 m and 5.645 m respectively. If the Reduced Level (R.L.) of the starting station is 100.000 m, the R.L. (in m) of the last station is ___________.
9 Example 7 A levelling is carried out to establish the reduced levels of a point R with respect to bench mark at P. The staff reading are given below Staff Station BS IS FS RL P 1.655 m 100.000m O -0.950 m -1.500 m R 0.750m ? a) 103.355 b)103.155 c)101.455 d)100.355
References 10 Questions from AMIE Examinations (SEC A) in Elementary Surveying Question from GATE Examinations
