The Electoral Process: Nomination and Selection
The electoral process involves nomination and selection of candidates through various methods like self-announcement, caucuses, conventions, direct primaries, and petitions. Different forms of candidate selection are explained, including self-announcement as the oldest method, caucus meetings, and formal conventions. The process of picking presidential candidates in the USA, including state-level primaries and conventions, is detailed. Direct primaries with closed and open systems, along with blanket primaries and runoff primaries, are discussed in the context of candidate selection for general elections.
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Presentation Transcript
The first step in the Electoral process Nomination seek office. Nominees are selected through a variety of ways in search of picking a candidate for the general election. General Elections elections at which voters make the final selection of officeholders Nomination- - The naming of those who will General Elections- - Regularly scheduled
1. Self announcement 2. Caucus 3. Convention 4. Direct Primary 5. Petition
Oldest Form of the nominating process. Still used in small towns and at the rural level. Simply, A candidate announces he is running. Often used by someone who failed to win a regular party nomination. Write in candidates use this method.
George Wallace, Eugene McCarthy, John Anderson, Ross Perot Arnold, California candidates
A group of like minded people who meet to select the candidates they will support. The caucus is still used to make local nominations in some places, mainly New England. Open to all members of a party.
The formal way Presidential candidates are picked in the USA. State Level Ex: The major parties choose their candidates for the U.S. Senate, House, Governor and state legislatures in primaries. Nominees for Lt. Governor, Sec. of State. Attorney General picked by conventions. Conventions Explained Obama 04
Direct is held within a party to pick that party s candidates for the general elections. Closed Primary nominating election in which only declared party members can vote. Used in 24 States Open Primary in which any qualified voter can take part. Used in 26 States Direct Primary Primary- - is an intra-party election. It Closed Primary - a closed primary is a party Open Primary - is a party nominating election
Blanket Primary open primary Every candidate is listed, regardless of party. Runoff Primary the two top vote getters face off against one another to determine who will represent the party. Used in City Council Elections if necessary. Nonpartisan Elections which candidates are not identified by party labels. Used in City Council Elections in AZ. Blanket Primary- - is often referred to as the wide Runoff Primary- - is a held few weeks later, and Nonpartisan Elections- - these are elections in
Nomination by petition is used for most localized elections. Candidates for public office are nominated by having the required amount of signatures recorded and upheld. If there are enough valid signatures counted the candidate gets placed on the ballot.
There are more then 500,000 people in the United states who are elected to office in over 87,000 units of government at the state and local level. Thus most election laws are made and pertain to the state. There are however laws on voting made at the federal level.
Set Dates for national elections - States hold their elections on same day to increase voter turnout - First Tuesday after First Monday in Nov. Required Secret Ballots Allowed for voting machines
Absentee Voting to vote without actually going to the polling places on election day Absentee voting originally began as a way to help ill or disabled people to vote. Or if you knew you were going to be out of town you could arrange to vote early. Now it is becoming more common to encourage voter turnout. Absentee Voting- The process of being able
Coattail candidate is running at the top of the ballot and his or her popularity makes lesser offices candidates of the same party more attractive. - Example: Ronald Regan s popularity helped many other Republican candidates win elections. Reversal Coattail effect can happen too. - Example: Barry Goldwater, George McGovern, Jimmy Carter (1980) Coattail Effect Effect- Occurs when a strong
Precincts geographic unit/district for voting Polling Places the precinct actually vote Arizona Precincts Precincts- Voting Districts, The smallest Polling Places- The place where the voters in
Ballot choice in an election Each State provides for a secret ballot Voting was originally done by voice Later in history people would write their choice on a piece of paper and drop in it in a box Ballot- - a device by which a voter registers a
Created in 1856, has 4 features: Printed at public expense It lists the names of all candidates in an election It is given out at the polls, one to each qualified voter It is marked in secret
Office Group Ballot- On this type of ballot, the candidates for office are listed by office running for Party Column Ballot- Lists the candidates in a column organized by party.
Office-Group Ballot Party- Column Ballot
First type of voting machines were lever operated- complicated and difficult to transport and store, during and in between elections. Punch-Card Ballots were highly popular as part of electronic vote counting. - Highly controversial in 2000 election Both of these methods now banned.
Two most commonly used today: Optical scanners - Paper ballots are marked by voters and counted by a scanning machine Used in Arizona Touch screen Online?
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