The Extracellular Matrix and Intercellular Junctions
Explore the extracellular matrix (ECM) and intercellular junctions in animal and plant cells. Learn about ECM components like collagen and proteoglycans, as well as the role of fibronectins. Discover how intercellular junctions facilitate communication and tissue organization.
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Presentation Transcript
1. The extracellular matrix ECM The area between cells 2. The ECM of animal cells Animals cells lack the structure and support that a cell wall provides Have an ECM instead that provides some of the same support 3. Components of the ECM Cells secrete glycoproteins This is the main component of the ECM All 3 of these are common ECM glycoproteins 4. Collagen is the most common glycoprotein in the ECM 5. Proteoglycans (a glycoprotein) form a woven network outside cells Collagen are like strong fibers that run throughout this network 6. Cells are attached to the ECM by another glycoprotein: fibronectin On one side, fibronectin is attached to proteins in the plasma membrane On the other side, the fibronectin is attached to the glycoproteins of the ECM 7. the role of: Fibronectins Collagen fibers Proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix
The ECM allows for cell to cell communication 9. Intercellular junctions Cells in plants and animals are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems Cells in a tissue may adhere to each other 10. The Plasmodesmata of plants Cells walls of plants are perforated with small channels called plasmodesmata Cytosol passes through the channel, thereby connecting the two cells 11. Water, solutes, even proteins and RNA can move between cells Allows plant cells to function as a unified system, rather than isolated cells 12. Intercellular Junctions in Animal Cells 3 main types of junctions between animal cells These junctions are most common in epithelial tissue (skin, linings of organs, etc) 13. Tight junctions in animal cells The plasma membranes of neighboring cells are very tightly pressed together and bound by proteins Forms a seal or barrier around a group of cells 14. Desmosomes or anchoring junctions in animal cells Like rivets that fasten cells together in strong sheets Keratin filaments anchor these attachments in the cytoplasm 15. Gap junctions (or communicating junctions) in animal cells Similar to plasmodesmata in plant cells Provides a channel between cells that cytosol can travel through Allows for cell to cell communication Important in cardiac tissue and embryonic tissue
