The Impact of Globalisation on Cybercrime and Computer-aided Crime
Globalisation has brought about significant social changes that have led to the emergence of new forms of crime, facilitated by advancements in computer technology. Cybercrime and computer-aided crime have become prevalent in contemporary societies, with activities ranging from identity theft and electronic money laundering to cyber-stalking and corporate espionage. Criminal activities are carried out over the internet, exploiting special knowledge of computer technology. The usage of computers as tools in conventional crimes has introduced unique features to criminal activities, including crimes against computers such as hacking and unlawful network access. The intersection of globalisation and technology has created a complex landscape for law enforcement and crime prevention.
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Each slide can be advanced using a mouse click. Alternatively, moving the cursor to the: Right Hand edge of the screen moves the presentation forward to the next slide. Left Hand edge of the screen moves the presentation back to the previous slide. The Crime and The Crime and Contemporary Contemporary Issues Issues Deviance Channel Deviance Channel Globalisation and Transnational Crime
globalisation introduces a range of social changes that have created opportunities for both legal and illegal global activities some of which are new and exist only because of the development of worldwide computer technologies and networks, others of which have been given a new lease of life by their internationalisation. 2. New 2. New forms of crime facilitated by globalisation
Cybercrime Cybercrime: : criminal activities explicitly facilitated or generated through the development and application of computer technology. generic term describing a range of Surin Surin (2003): committed over the Internet / any crime that is committed by means of special knowledge or expert use of computer technology. Crime Symantec Corp Symantec Corp. (2006): Any crime committed using a computer...The computer may be the agent, the facilitator or the target of the crime.
Computer crime Computer crime:Crimes that use computer technology as the primary method of commission. Phishing frauds Identity theft Theft of Data electronic money laundering Although crimes themselves may be conventional (variations on different types of fraud, deception, theft ) the means by which they are carried-out has features that are unique to contemporary societies.
Computer Computer- -aided crime aided crime: way computers can be used to carry-out criminal acts that primarily occur in the non-virtual world. The computer is a tool that aids in the carrying-out of a conventional crime. Offences relating to the Child predation Cyber-stalking [Harassment] Corporate espionage Extortion Blackmail Stock market manipulation Terrorism: Planning and communications
Crime against computers Crime against computers: are not only central to criminal activity, they are in many cases the object of the crime. Crimes where computers Hacking: network Unlawful access to a computer system or denial-of-service attacks Cracking: Malicious access to a computer system or network Malware Viruses, Trojans, Worms
or orHypercrime? Cybercrime? Cybercrime? Hypercrime? McGuire McGuire (2007): what distinguishes cyber (or virtual) space from normal (or physical) space is that it simply extends and complicates spacial interactions; it does not radically change those interactions. Hyperspatialisation Hyperspatialisation Something that does not produce new crime but simply expands already extant deviant possibilities .
Cybercrime Cybercrime suggests there are certain forms of crime that take place wholly and uniquely in something called cyberspace. This, of course, is not possible. Hypercrime Hypercrime suggests a more-sophisticated formulation: While crimes themselves are always rooted in normal space certain forms of crime may, wholly or partly, be commissioned in hyperspace.
