Today's Environmental Challenges in Latin America
Rainforests in Latin America face threats from deforestation, population pressure, and economic demands. Clearing of forests for agriculture and housing is impacting biodiversity, leading to global warming and endangering plant and animal species. Solutions involve finding a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation through initiatives like nature swaps and education.
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Presentation Transcript
CHAPTER 11: TODAYS ISSUES IN LATIN AMERICA
RAINFOREST LAND USES Vegetation helps clean the atmosphere, regulate climate, and shelter millions of species Biodiversity Biodiversity: the variety of organisms within an ecosystem
CLEARING THE RAINFORESTS World demand for timber is high Farmers use slash and burn to create fields Ranchers clear forest for grazing land
POPULATION PRESSURE Brazil s population should reach 200 million by 2020 This creates need for new houses (timber) and more living space
THE PRICE OF DESTRUCTION
DEFORESTATION Def: cutting down and clearing away of trees Long term effects far outweigh the short term
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS Trees absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen Deforestation leads to a build-up of CO2 This prevents heat from escaping the earth This builds up the temperature This is Global Global Warming Warming
PLANTS AND ANIMALS IN DANGER 50% of the world s plant and animal species are in the rainforest Plants are used to create new medicines
MOVING TOWARD SOLUTIONS
A JUGGLING ACT Countries struggle with how to balance economic concerns with environmental ones Move is to educate people as to the value of the rainforest
FIGHTING ECONOMICS WITH ECONOMICS Debt Debt- -for debt reducing deal wherein an organization agrees to pay off a certain amount of government debt in return for government protection of a certain portion of rain forest for- -nature swap nature swap:
SECTION 2: GIVING CITIZENS A VOICE
THE LEGACY OF COLONIALISM Rich and powerful ruled most countries during and immediately after Spanish rule (Oligarchy) Limited free speech, censoring of the press, punish dissent Junta Junta: a govt run by generals after a military takeover
THE RULE OF THE CAUDILLO Caudillo Caudillo: a military dictator or political boss Got support from the military and wealthy Ex: Juan Per n of Argentina, PRI of Mexico
ESTABLISHING STABLE DEMOCRACIES
GOALS OF REFORM Establish constitutional governments Participation of citizens Economic stability Gender and racial equality
LAND REFORM Def: process of breaking up large landholdings and giving portions of the land to land-poor peasant farmers
