Trailblazing African American Women Pioneers in Science, Medicine, and Aviation
Discover the remarkable achievements of African American women who broke barriers in science, medicine, and aviation, including Patricia Bath, Mae C. Jemison, Alexa Canady, Regina Benjamin, Marie M. Daly, Mary Mahoney, Madam C.J. Walker, and Nia Wordlaw. From inventing medical devices to becoming the first African American female astronaut, these trailblazers have left an indelible mark on history.
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Patricia Bath Among many firsts, Patricia Bath is the first African American to complete a residency in ophthalmology and the first African-American female doctor to receive a medical patent. She invented the Laserphaco Probe for cataract treatment in 1986. Patricia Bath (November 4, 1942) http://www.biography.c om/people/patricia- bath-21038525
Mae C. Jemison Mae C. Jemison is the first African-American female astronaut. In 1992, she flew into space aboard the Endeavour, becoming the first African-American woman in space. Mae C. Jemison (October 17, 1956) http://www.biography.c om/people/mae-c- jemison-9542378
Alexa Canady In 1981, Alexa Canady became the first female African-American neurosurgeon in the United States. Alexa Canady (November 7, 1950) http://www.biography.c om/people/alexa- canady-21333715
Regina Benjamin Physician Regina Benjamin worked as the 18th U.S. surgeon general, appointed by President Barack Obama in 2009. Regina Benjamin (October 26, 1956) http://www.biography.c om/people/regina- benjamin-21333315
Marie M. Daly Marie M. Daly is best known for being the first African-American woman to receive a Ph.D. in chemistry in the United States. Marie M. Daly (April 16, 1921- October 28, 2003) http://www.biography.c om/people/marie-m- daly-604034
Mary Mahoney Mary Mahoney became the first black woman to complete nurse's training in 1879. Mary Mahoney (May 7, 1845- January 4, 1926) http://www.biography.c om/people/mary- mahoney-41021
Madam C.J. Walker, born Sarah Breedlove, created specialized hair products for African- American hair and was one of the first American women to become a self- made millionaire. Madam C J Walker (December 23, 1867- May 25, 1919)
"My mom came home one day with an article from 1922 about Bessie Coleman. [That] was my first mentor: an article about [the first] black female pilot," says Wordlaw, a pilot for United Airlines one of very few female African- Americans to fly for a major carrier. "It makes a difference to see someone who looks like you doing something that you want to do. Nia Wordlaw http://www.marieclaire. com/celebrity/news/g31 13/womens-list- documentary/
Mary Styles Harris Distinguished American health researcher Mary Styles Harris has gained national attention for her work and influence on national health policies. Mary Styles Harris (June 26, 1949) http://www.biography.c om/people/mary-styles- harris
African American astronomer, mathematician and author who constructed America s first functional clock. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Benjamin Banneker (November 9, 1731 October 9, 1806)
American physician, surgeon and medical researcher known as the inventor of the blood bank. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Charles Drew (June 3, 1904 April 1, 1950)
African American physician who performed the first prototype open-heart surgery. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Dr. Daniel Hale Williams (January 18, 1858 August 4, 1931)
African American scientist and researcher and a recipient of 14 U.S. patents, who discovered that a particular combination of chemicals caused all living organisms to emit light. Emmett Chappelle (born October 25, 1925) http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/
African American biologist and author known for his work on egg fertilization and the structure of the cell. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Ernest Everett Just (August 14, 1883 October 27, 1941)
African American inventor who made both the first traffic signal invention and the first patented gas mask. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Garrett Morgan (March 4, 1877 August 27, 1963)
American scientist and inventor and an extraordinary explorer and innovator of agricultural science. . http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ George Washington Carver (January 1864 January 5, 1943)
African-American inventor who developed the mic in the 1960s; holds 47 U.S. and more than 200 foreign patents on microphones and techniques for making polymer foil- electrets. James West (born February 10, 1931) http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/
American inventor and engineer, best remembered for his invention of the multiple-effect evaporator. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Norbert Rillieux (March 17, 1806 October 8, 1894)
African American researcher known for being a pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Percy Lavon Julian (April 11, 1899 April 19, 1975)
Nigerian-born scientist and inventor known for first using a Connection Machine supercomputer to help analyze petroleum fields. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Philip Emeagwali (born August 23, 1954)
An organic chemist who was the first African American to teach at the U.S. Naval Academy. http://www.famousscien tists.org/15-famous- black-scientists-in- history/ Prof. Samuel Massie Jr. (July 3, 1919 April 10, 2005)
