Transport Equity, Culture, and Policy
Tackling transport systems around private cars is essential for achieving transport, health, and environmental equity. Decarbonizing transport and addressing opposition are crucial steps towards creating new infrastructure with diverse consequences. An example highlights collisions involving cars and cyclists, emphasizing the importance of rethinking mode choice and patterns in the UK.
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Presentation Transcript
Transport equity, culture Transport equity, culture and culture wars and culture wars Judith Green Wellcome Centre for Cultures & Environments of Health University of Exeter
Tackling transport systems designed Tackling transport systems designed around private cars is essential for: around private cars is essential for: Transport equity Health equity Environmental equity [picture of busy major road] A triple win?
Policies to decarbonise transport recruited Policies to decarbonise transport recruited in culture wars in culture wars Photo of person cycling over traffic calming measures between planters at entry to residential street [ PHOTO of Rishi Sunak, with the Sun newspaper s Give us a Brake logo at top right
Opposition: what is going on? Opposition: what is going on? PHOTO of protesters outside County Hall with yellow placards including Keep Oxford Free No to 15 minute city and LTNs cause massive gridlock and pollution Photo of ULEZ camera pole fallen over, and camera covered with NO ULEZ hood Images: bottom left via @RachelMantell on X, July 2022; right Emily Kerr via road.cc
New infrastructure intervenes in a system, with multiple, and unintended, consequences Increase cycling and walking Fitter, more able travel more quickly Reduce car access Restrict access for trade; visitors Reduce private car use Increase use of delivery services Divert traffic to major roads Longer public transport journeys; more expensive taxis
Example: Example: Male 2005 2005- -2015 in collisions with: 2015 in collisions with: Male and and female female pedestrians injured pedestrians injured MOTOR CAR PEDAL CYCLE
Mode choice in UK still socioeconomically Mode choice in UK still socioeconomically patterned patterned Most economically disadvantaged quintile make: More walking trips Fewer car trips Around 3 x number of bus trips than most advantaged (outside London) (NTS data)
Cycling as unthinkable Cycling as unthinkable I wouldn t be seen dead on a bike you d never live it down!(Young adult, Belfast, Northern Ireland) It s an hour by bus, up hills and its always raining: there is no way you could cycle (Welsh rural college student) When you ve made it, you buy a car not a bicycle (Black Londoner, England) Interviewer: Does anyone here cycle? Responses: [general laughter] That s a ridiculous question! (Group of Asian-heritage women, London)
Case study: cycling achieved and not Case study: cycling achieved and not Two women from cycle training courses, proud of new skill and keen to take up cycling for transport 6 months later: Rosalind, in suburban London, had opportunities to move from leisure cycling in park, to build confidence on roads; Candy, in inner London, was thwarted. I practised with the cycling ladies in the park (Rosalind) Round my area there s a lot of kids who take over the park and I don t want to be the adult trying to learn how to ride a bike, you know what I mean? It s all these factors, no I ll go on a bus instead (Candy)
Conclusions Conclusions Policies intervene in complex systems: effects are multiple Mobility systems are inequitable but changes can increase inequities Accept trade-offs, rather than assume a win-win-win Mobility cultures are crucial part of local mobility systems. We need to take these into account to: Assess likely equity implications of changes Offset the risk of bad faith actors undermining efforts in culture wars
