Understanding Distributed Resource Units (DRU) in 6 GHz Wireless Networks
Explore the implications of Distributed Resource Units (DRU) in 6 GHz networks for overcoming PSD limitations and enhancing uplink transmission power. Learn about the design considerations and benefits of DRU for improving coverage range and power balance in low-power indoor settings. Discover how DRU facilitates wider bandwidth allocation and boosts transmit power for UL OFDMA, with a focus on achieving maximum gains for 20 MHz spreading bandwidth. Dive into the background of FCC regulations, resource unit allocation mechanisms, and examples of trigger frame signaling for efficient DRU implementation.
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June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Further Considerations for DRU Design Date: 2024-06-14 Authors: Name Hamid Hosseinianfar Affiliations Address Phone email hhosseinianfar@ofinno.com Leonardo Lanante Jeongki Kim Ofinno Jiayi Zhang Serhat Erkucuk Tuncer Baykas Submission Slide 1 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Introduction To overcome PSD limitations for LPI devices in 6 GHz, distributed resource units (dRU) was introduced in [2]. In [2], It was shown that deploying dRU can boost the transmit power of UL OFDMA by up to 11.14 dB. Given the existing framework of regular resource units (rRU) in 11ax, current research primarily aims to convert rRU to dRU, considering factors such as size, bandwidth distribution, puncturing, and the hybrid integration of rRU and dRU [3-13]. Notably, existing dRU designs are unable to achieve the maximum transmit power boost of 11.14 dB for 20 MHz spreading bandwidth. This contribution addresses additional considerations in designing a dRU tailored specifically for 20 MHz spreading bandwidth reaching for a maximum transmit power gain of 11.14 dB. Submission Slide 2 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Background: FCC Regulations on Low-Power Indoor Usage in the 6GHz Band Strict PSD requirement of -1dBm/MHz will cause reduced UL coverage range and UL/DL power imbalance The dRU concept is simply spreading the allocated tones to each STA across wider bandwidth reducing #tones per 1 MHz being assigned to each user. STA2 on dRU2 STA3 on dRU3 (dRU2 is composed of Green Colored Tones) (dRU3 is composed of Blue Colored Tones) STA1 on dRU1 (dRU1 is composed of Red Colored Tones) AP Submission Slide 3 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Background Distributed Resource Units (DRU) boosts uplink OFDMA transmission power, especially in 6 GHz LPI scenarios. The concept is simply spreading/distributing the allocated tones to each STA across wider bandwidth reducing tones per 1 MHz being assigned to each user. In [2], it was shown that DRU can boost the transmit power of UL by 11.14 dB. Submission Slide 4 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Background: Resource Allocation Mechanism for rRUs in 11ax UIF N UIF 1 Trigger Frame AP UL PPDU STA1 UL PPDU STA N Submission Slide 5 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Background: Example of a Trigger Frame Signaling for dRU Trigger frame for both rRU and dRU modes The existing RU Allocation indices subfield can be reused for dRU allocation UIF N UIF 1 Trigger Frame Using the same RU indices as rRU (Same table) The dRU/rRU mode selection can be communicated through common Info subfield Submission Slide 6 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Problem: Supporting Maximum Power Boost for 20 MHz PPDU Motivation: dRU sizes are considered the same as rRU design in 11 ax to minimize the OFDMA architecture of 11ax deploying dRU and signaling complexity. 26-tones DRU is the smallest size DRU still send 2 tones per MHz and push to send 3 dB less per tone compared to maximum power boost of 11.14 dB 11.14 dB power boost may be achievable for 20 MHz Spread BW by designing dRU with less than 26 tones However, there is no straightforward mechanism for deploying under 26 tones dRU The trigger frame design is more complicated as the new dRU size are not available in the RU index table. More combination: more memory required at AP Power Boost vs number of tones per MHz [11]. BW20 #Tone/MH z Boost (dB) DRU26 2 DRU52 3 DRU106 6 DRU242 N/A DRU484 N/A DRU996 N/A BW40 BW80 RU Size Power #Tone/MH z 1 2 3 7 N/A N/A Power Boost (dB) 11.14 8.13 6.37 2.69 N/A N/A #Tone/MH z 1 1 2 4 7 N/A Power Boost (dB) 11.14 11.14 8.13 5.12 2.69 N/A 8.13 6.37 3.56 N/A N/A N/A Submission Slide 7 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Tone Disabling for DRU (1) To improve the power boost, the STA can disable some of the tones of 26 tones DRU. Disabling a tone means transmitting zero energy on the tone. The STA can use either odd or even tones of 26 tones DRU. Example: for 26 tones DRU 20MHz spreading BW the power boost is 8.13 dB. By selecting odd/even excluding other rest, as shown in the figure maximum power boost of 11.14 dB is achievable. n =1 Disabled 13 10log 1 MHz ? = 1 ? = 13 1 2 P????,??? 11.14 ?? PSD??? f 20 MHz Submission Slide 8 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Tone Disabling for DRU (2) The STA can indicate tone disabling of 26-DRU to the AP by sending a request frame which can include Odd/Even tones disabled flag. The AP can allocate a 26 tone DRU to the STA and know that only odd/even tones will be used for uplink transmission by STA Without any modification in Trigger frame, STA can transmit with maximum achievable power boost of 11.14 dB using tone disabling. 26-tone dRU to STA 1 MBA STA1 STA 2 26-tone dRU to STA 2 TF AP Power Boost: 8.13 dB TB PPDU STA1 Power Boost: 11.14 dB TB PPDU Frame STA 2 Disable odd tones for 26-tone dRU Submission Slide 9 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 Conclusion Maximum gain of 11.14 dB is no achievable for 20 MHz PPDU based on the current scheme of DRU design reusing the same size of rRU. The highest power boost for 20 MHz PPDU based on rRU design can be achieved for 26-tone DRU which is equal to 8.13 dB. We introduce a solution to disable some tones (odd/even) which lead to less number of tones per MHz. Submission Slide 10 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
June 2024 doc.: IEEE 802.11-24/0986r0 References 1. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1117-00-0uhr-DRU-signaling-for-uhr.pptx 2. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-0037-00-0uhr-uhr-feature-to-overcome-psd-limitations-distributed-tone-resource-units.pptx 3. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1988-02-00bn-considerations-on-DRU-design-and-application.pptx 4. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1115-00-0uhr-cfo-impact-and-pilot-design-for-DRU.pptx 5. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1447-00-0uhr-cfo-impact-and-pilot-design-for-DRU-follow-up.pptx 6. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1448-00-0uhr-further-considerations-on-DRU.pptx 7. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1511-01-0uhr-pilot-tone-allocation-and-other-considerations-of-tone-distributed-rus-for-uhr.pptx 8. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1516-00-0uhr-use-case-for-distributed-rus-in-downlink.pptx 9. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1919-00-00bn-DRU-proposal.pptx 10. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-2200-00-00bn-distribution-bandwidth-of-DRU.pptx 11. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-2020-01-00bn-high-level-perspective-on-distributed-tone-ru-for-11bn.pptx 12. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-2021-00-00bn-principle-and-methodology-for-DRU-tone-plan-design.pptx 13. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/23/11-23-1516-00-0uhr-use-case-for-distributed-rus-in-downlink.pptx Submission Slide 11 Hamid Hosseinianfar, Ofinno
