Understanding DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation
Explore the processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation in this insightful PowerPoint review. Learn about the unique characteristics encoded in DNA, structures of nucleotides, roles of enzymes like Helicase and DNA Polymerase, the function of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA, as well as key concepts such as codons, peptide bonds, and stop codons. Dive into the differences between DNA and RNA, the functions of rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA, and the essential processes of transcription.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
You are allowed to download the files provided on this website for personal or commercial use, subject to the condition that they are used lawfully. All files are the property of their respective owners.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
REPLICATION, TRANSCRIPTION & TRANSLATION REVIEW POWER POINT
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUAhttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 1. Each organism has a unique combination of characteristics encoded in molecules of ________ DNA 2. Molecules of DNA are composed of long chains of _______ NUCLEOTIDES 3. ____ built models of DNA that demonstrated the double helix is held together by H bonds. Watson and Crick http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 4. Each nucleotide triplet of mRNA is called a ___________ CODON 5. builds new DNA molecules. The enzyme ________ unzips the DNA helix while the enzyme _______ Helicase, DNA Polymerase
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUAhttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 6. Molecules of _____ carry the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome. mRNA 7. During translation the ______ region of the tRNA binds to the complementary codon of mRNA. ANTICODON 8. Amino Acids attach to each other during translation by _____ PEPTIDE BONDS. http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 9. Name the type of bond strings nucleotides together ______. COVALENT BONDS. 10. Name the type of bond which bonds complementary bases together ______. HYDROGEN BONDS
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUAhttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 11.The start codon is AUG and codes for the amino acid _____ METHIONINE 12. Name the type of bond that strings amino acids together ___ PEPTIDE BONDS 13. ____ are the junk DNA which is edited out of the mRNA. INTRONS http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 14. How many nucleotides code for an Amino Acid? 3 Nucleotide= Codon 15. Where does transcription and translation occur? Transcription= Nucleus Translation= Cytoplasm on a Ribosome 16. How many stop codons are there? 3 stop codons
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUAhttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 17. Sugar, Nitrogen Base, Phosphate Group What the 3 parts of a nucleotide? 18. List 3 ways RNA differs from DNA? 1. Single Stranded, 2. Ribose= Sugar 3. Uracil instead of Thymine 19. To make ribosomes What is the function of rRNA? http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 20. What is the function of tRNA? To transport Amino Acids from the cytoplasm to the Ribosome 21.What is the function of mRNA? Transmit the message of DNA to the Ribosome 22. What occurs during transcription? DNA is transcribed to RNA
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUAhttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 23. What occurs during translation? mRNA, rRNA and tRNA function together to bring Amino Acids together to make proteins. 24. tRNA: UGA UCC AGC Write the amino acid sequence: mRNA: ACU AGG UCG Threonine- Arginine- Serine 25. DNA: TAC CGT GAT TAA Write the amino acid sequence: mRNA strand: AUG GCA CUA AUU http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA Methionine- Alanine- Leucine- Isoleucine 26. DNA complementary strand: ACA GGG CAT TAA Write the amino acid sequence: Template strand: TGT- CCC- GTA- ATT mRNA strand: ACA- GGG- CAU- UAA Amino Acid: Threonine- Glycine- Histadine- Stop
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUAhttp://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA 27. mRNA: AUG CAC UAC UGA Write the amino acid sequence Methionine- Histadine- Tyrosine- Stop 28.Describe the function of a Promoter and a Terminator. Promotor- to tell RNA Polymerase to begin synthesizing the RNA strand. Terminator- to tell RNA Polymerase to break off the DNA template strand. 29. Why is it important to have multiple Replications of Origin on a single DNA molecule? http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTkF_KWoQHkvFEnugmcZQysXcQEODS_-QI728TByhoZbbYB1xbxUA To make DNA replication or RNA transcription occur faster 30. Who is credited for discovering the structure of DNA? Watson and Crick
