Understanding Early Childhood Education and Development
This work delves into the complexities of early childhood education, highlighting the potential and capabilities of young children from birth. It explores practical methods grounded in contemporary theories, showcasing the experiences of infants and the evolving pedagogical landscape. It emphasizes a shift towards a more dynamic and constantly evolving perception of knowledge, drawing insights from Italian pedagogical practices. The book advocates for a shift towards a more participatory role of teachers and students in the learning process, inspired by the concepts of Malaguzzi and Fortinati.
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Presentation Transcript
Cycloaddition reactions Addition of a system of m electrons to a system of n electrons. 2 bonds are formed at the cost of 2 bonds. Stereochemical modes of cycloaddition 1 # Antarafacial processes are difficult because in them twisting of p-orbitals are required.
Orbital symmetry in cycloaddition reactions 2+2 cycloaddition 2
Orbital symmetry in cycloaddition reactions Correlation Diagrams h Allowed Forbidden * Ground state orbitals of ethylene correlate with an excited state of cyclobutane. Hence the thermal process is symmetry forbidden. * There is correlation between 1st excited state of ethylene and cyclobutane, The photochemical process is symmetry allowed. 3
Orbital symmetry in cycloaddition reactions (4+2) Cycloaddition reactions h Forbidden Allowed 4 Ground state reactant orbitals are transformed into ground state product orbitals, therefore thermal process is symmetry allowed.
Applications of FMO Method 2+2 Cycloaddition 5
Applications of FMO Method 4+2 Cycloaddition 6
Applications of PMO Method 2+2 Cycloaddition 4+2 Cycloaddition 7
