Understanding Earth's Atmosphere Layers and Effects

www.studymafia.org Seminar On Greenhouse Effect Submitted To: www.studymafia.org www.studymafia.org Submitted By:

CONTENTS Atmosphere Key Terms Gases Causes Effects

ATMOSPHERE Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere

TROPOSPHERE Lowest portion of earth s atmosphere 75% of the entire atmosphere mass - Water Vapor - Aerosols 0 km 10 km Warmer nearest earth Colder the further you go Depth ~ 10 km Travel Back to the Atmosphere

STRATOSPHERE Second layer of earth s atmosphere 10 km 50 km Colder nearer the earth surface Warmer the further into the atmosphere Energy is transferred via heat absorption by the ozone layer. Heating caused by conduction from above and convection from below. Depth ~ 40 km Travel Back to the Atmosphere

MESOSPHERE Middle layer of earth s atmosphere 50 km 90 km Warmer closer to earth s surface Colder the further you out you go This is where meteors burn as they collide with gas particles Most poorly understood part of the atmosphere Depth ~ 40 km Travel back to the Atmosphere

THERMOSPHERE 4thlayer of earth s atmosphere 80 km 500 km Depth ~ 420 km Colder near earth s surface Warmer as you go further into thermosphere This layer absorbs radiation which in turn electrically charge particles. Travel back to the Atmosphere

EXOSPHERE Outer layer of the atmosphere 500 km 10,000 km Depth ~ 9,500 km Only layer of atmosphere where gases can escape Main gases found here: - Hydrogen - Helium - Carbon Dioxide Travel Back to the Atmosphere

Troposphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Exosphere Thermosphere

KEY TERMS Condensation - process by which gas or vapor changes into a liquid or solid Evaporation - the process by which a liquid changes into a gas Convection - upward movement of heat or other atmospheric properties within the atmosphere Photosynthesis the synthesis of complex organic materials from carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts using light as an energy source Radiation energy that is transmitted in the form of rays Conduction spontaneous transfer of energy through matter, from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature

GASES CO2 - Carbon Dioxide MH4 - Methane O2 Oxygen Gas O3 - Ozone N2 Nitrogen Gas Ar Argon Gas H2 Hydrogen Gas He - Helium

INCREASE IN CO2 Increased by the burning of fossil fuels- coal, oil, and gas Too much is harmful to our planet Creates a cycle of Carbon Dioxide within our atmosphere Contributes to the hole in the ozone layer

CARBON DIOXIDE CYCLE

3-D IMAGE OF THE OZONE HOLE

OZONE LAYER Three oxygen atoms bonded together Forms a layer above earth that protects us from harmful UVA UVB rays The ozone hole is a depletion of the ozone in the atmosphere.

WHAT IS CAUSING THINNING OZONE HOLE? Cars Factories Pollution Deforestation

POLLUTANTS

EFFECTS Climate change Harms animals habitats Decrease crop production Flooding Drought Hurricanes

QUIZ 1. What is the first atmospheric layer closest to earth? 2. What is the largest atmospheric layer? 3. Define a key term (condensation, evaporation, photosynthesis, radiation, conduction, convection) 4. What gas is CO2? 5. What is one cause of an increase in CO2? 6. Does CO2 exist in oceans? 7. Which two layers of earth s atmosphere does the ozone layer exist? 8. What are two things that are causing the thinning of the ozone? 9. What is an effect of Global Warming?

REFERENCES Google.com Wikipedia.org Studymafia.org

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