Understanding Human Relationships: Psychology Insights & Studies

JEOPARDY The psychology of human relationships revision

Human Relationships Attraction Maintaining relationships Prosocial behaviour Group dynamics Methodology 200 200 200 200 200 400 400 400 400 400 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Bonus Question: 5000 pts

Topic 1: 200 Question: What factor distinguishes altruism from pro- social behaviour? Answer Altruism has a cost to the helper and no clear benefit. All altruism is pro-social. Not all pro- social behaviour is altruism. Back

Topic 1: 400 Question: According to Latan s Social Impact Theory, which three factors play a role in our likelihood of helping? Answer Immediacy (how close we are to the victim); strength (the power of the situation and how qualified we feel to help); number (how many people are present). Back

Topic 1: 600 Question: According to Batson, which factor is the best indicator of one s likelihood of helping? Answer Empathy. Back

Topic 1: 800 Question: Which research method was used in Piliavin s classic study? Answer A field experiment. Back

Topic 1: 1000 Question: According to Staub, what should be part of every school curriculum? Answer Empathy training. Back

Topic 2: 200 Question: According to Fischer, which three neurotransmitters are responsible for human attraction? Answer Serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. Back

Topic 2: 400 Question: What did Winslow s study of prairie voles show has a potential role in monogamous behaviour? Answer The hormone vasopressin. When vasopressin levels were suppressed, the male voles were more likely to cheat on their partners. Back

Topic 2: 600 Question: What was the name Bowlby gave to the set of schema we form about our relationship with our primary caregiver? Answer The Internal Working Model. Back

Topic 2: 800 Question: What did Zajonc argue was the best predictor of attraction? Answer Familiarity. The Mere Exposure Theory shows that when they flipped through a series of photos, those photos that they saw repeatedly were those that they then rated as more attractive. Back

Topic 2: 1000 Question: According to Schackelford and Larsen (1997), what physical feature is seen attractive by most women? Answer Facial symmetry. Back

Topic 3: 200 Question: According to Social Penetration Theory, what is the most important factor in maintaining a relationship? Answer The level at which partners disclose information to one another. Back

Topic 3: 400 Question: According to research on microexpressions by John Gottman, which two emotional expressions are the most predictive of the end of a relationship? Answer Disgust and contempt. Back

Topic 3: 600 Question: According to Bradbury & Fincham, what is a relationship enhancing pattern? Answer It is a pattern of communication in which the partner is not blamed in a disagreement and that the partner assumes that the other partner did not do something to hurt them. It avoids the fundamental attribution error in explaining conflict and disagreement. The opposite is a distress maintaining pattern. Back

Topic 3: 800 Question: One problem with the Social Penetration is that the concept of disclosure may lack . Answer Construct validity. Back

Topic 3: 1000 Question: According to Hazan and Shaver, what factor plays a key role in the success of a relationship? Answer Attachment styles. Back

Topic 4: 200 Question: According to Bicchieri (2006), what is the most important reason why people cooperate? Answer Social norms. Back

Topic 4: 400 Question: This theory argues that intergroup discrimination occurs when our own perception of self is challenged Answer The theory of threatened egotism. Back

Topic 4: 600 Question: What are two types of threats identified in Stephan s Integrated Threat theory of prejudice? Answer Stereotypes, realistic threats, symbolic threats. Back

Topic 4: 800 Question: Harris and Fiske found that when people were shown images of homeless people, this part of the brain was activated Answer The insula. Back

Topic 4: 1000 Question: What theory did McDoom apply to explain the conflict in the Rwandan genocide? Answer Social Identity Theory. Back

Topic 5: 200 Question: Which approach is used when we carry out cross-cultural research? Answer An etic approach. Back

Topic 5: 400 Question: What research method was used in Latan s helping study where participants believed that a man was having a seizure? Answer A true experiment. Back

Topic 5: 600 Question: Gottmann measured a change in the electrical properties of the skin. What is this called? Answer The galvanic skin response (GSR). Back

Topic 5: 800 Question: Why is the retrospective nature of research on why relationships end rather problematic? Answer The data is open to memory distortion. Peak-end rule may influence perceptions that is, they will tend to remember the last part of the relationship, which is negative, rather than the number of positive experiences over the time of the relationship. Back

Topic 5: 1000 Question: Novotny and Polonsky (2011) carried out a survey of Czech and Slovak university students to determine which factors played a role in an individual s level of anti-Muslim prejudice. What level of data did they most likely obtain? Answer Ordinal. Back

Bonus Question: 5000 pts. Question: Simon LeVay argues that the nature of our sexual orientation is located in this nucleus in the hypothalamus Answer INAH3. Back