Understanding Premedication of Anesthesia
Learn about premedication of anesthesia, including its components, goals, and drug categories used. Explore the importance of psychological and pharmacological premedication in preparing patients for anesthesia induction. Gain insights into the various effects of premedication, such as anxiety relief, sedation, and antiemetic properties.
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Presentation Transcript
Premedication of anesthesia Dr: MiaadAdnan FIBMS Anaesthesia 27 / 10/ 2021
1 Premedication : Definition : Administration of drugs before induction of anaesthesia Components : Psychological Pharmacological
1 Premedication : Psychological Premedication is provided by the anesthesiologist's preoperative visit and interview with the patient and family members. Pharmacological Premedication is administration of drugs orally orintramuscularly 1 to 2 hours before the anticipated induction of anesthesia
1 Goals of Premedication ? Anxiety relief (anxiolysis ) Amnesia Sedation Analgesia Antiemtic Antisalogogoue effect Increased in gastric fluid PH
2 Goal of Premedication ? Decreased in gastric fluid volume Attenuation of sympathetic nervous system Reflex response Decrease in anesthetic requirements Prophylaxis against allergic reaction
3 Premedication : Anxiolysis benzodiazepines B-blockers Amnesia lorazepam anterograde amnesia
4 Premedication : Anti-emetic - Dopamine antagonists - Antihistamines - Anticholinergics - 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonists - A2- agonists: clonidine, Dexmetomidine
5 Premedication : Antacid Patients who have received opiates present as emergencies If in pain delayed gastric emptying hiatus hernia Oral sodium citrate Ranitidine , Proton pump inhibitors Metoclopramide naso- or orogastric tube
2 Premedication : Anti-autonomic Parasympathetic reflexes Excessive vagal activity causing profound bradycardia Halothane Suxamethonium Surgery Traction on the extraocular muscles Handling of the viscera During elevation of a fractured zygoma
2 Premedication : Typical Adult Dose (mg) Classification Drugs Route
2 Premedication : Reduce or withhold sedatives and analgesics in - elderly - debilitated patients (severely ill patient) - acutely intoxication - upper airway obstruction - trauma - central apnea - neurologic deterioration - severe pulmonary and valvular heart diseases
