Understanding RDF and Turtle in Semantic Web Topics
Explore the concepts of RDF (Resource Description Framework) and Turtle syntax in the context of Semantic Web topics. Learn about RDF/XML, default namespaces, nesting descriptions, typed nodes, and more through practical examples. Enhance your knowledge of semantic web technologies with clear explanations and visual aids.
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CSE 428 Semantic Web Topics RDF Jeff Heflin Lehigh University
Turtle vs. RDF/XML Turtle: @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . <http://www.yahoo.com/~jdoe#jane> foaf:name "Jane Doe" ; foaf:knows <http://www.yahoo.com/~jsmith#john> . RDF/XML: <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.yahoo.com/~jdoe#jane"> <foaf:knows rdf:resource="http://www.yahoo.com/~jsmith#john" /> <foaf:name>Jane Doe</foaf:name> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF>
Default Namespaces <rdf:RDF xmlns="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.yahoo.com/~jdoe#jane"> <knows rdf:resource="http://www.yahoo.com/~jsmith#john" /> <name>Jane Doe</name> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF>
Using XML Entities <!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF [ <!ENTITY xsd "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#">] > <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" > <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.aol.com/~jdoe"> <foaf:age rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">30</foaf:age> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF> Resolves to: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer
Nesting Descriptions <rdf:RDF xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.aol.com/~jdoe"> <foaf:name>Jane Doe</foaf:name> <foaf:knows> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.aol.com/~jsmith"> <foaf:name>John Smith</foaf:name> </rdf:Description> </foaf:knows> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF>
Typed Nodes in RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.yahoo.com/~jdoe#jane"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person" /> <foaf:name>Jane Doe</foaf:name> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF> Jane is an instance of Person <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"> <foaf:Person rdf:about="http://www.yahoo.com/~jdoe#jane"> <foaf:name>Jane Doe</foaf:name> </foaf:Person> </rdf:RDF> Shorthand for the same thing
JSON-LD 1.1 (CR) { @context : { foaf : http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ }, @id : http://www.yahoo.com/~jdoe#jane , @type : foaf:Person , foaf:name : "Jane Doe , foaf:knows : { @id : http://www.yahoo.com/~jsmith#john } } 8
RDF Schema Example <rdf:RDF xml:base="http://example.org/univ-ont#" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:univ="http://example.org/univ-ont#"> <rdf:Property rdf:about="#teaches"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Professor" /> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Course" /> </rdf:Property> <univ:Person rdf:about="#heflin" > <univ:teaches rdf:resource="#cse428" /> </univ:Person> </rdf:RDF> rdf:Property rdf:type rdfs:domain Professor teaches heflin cse428 teaches Course rdfs:range
