Dive into the distinction between independent and antecedent variables in research, exploring how antecedent variables precede the focal independent variables to shed light on the genesis of relationships. Learn how these variables play a crucial role in studying phenomena like meditation, happiness levels, and work stress.
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Independent variable: the variable that is believed to cause or influence the dependent variable. In the experimental research the independent variable is the variable that is manipulated.
Antecedent variable : A variable that precedes or comes before the focal independent variable in time(Aneshensel, 2013). It is a variable that is believed to influence or cause the independent variable, but it is not directly manipulated by the researcher.
Suppose researchers are interested in studying the relationship between meditation and reported happiness levels. However, an antecedent variable that could help explain (or partially explain) the relationship between the two variables that should be considered is work stress, since this can have an effect on both free time available to meditate and reported happiness.
An antecedent variable precedes the focal independent variable to explain its genesis. The consequent variable follows the focal dependent variable to explain its aftermath. In this fashion, antecedent and consequent variables extend the focal relationship beyond its original boundaries(Aneshensel, 2013).
