Understanding the Electron Transport Chain in Cellular Metabolism
Explore the electron transport chain process in cellular metabolism, where energy-rich molecules are oxidized to produce CO2 and water. Learn about the location, mechanism, and inhibitors of the ETC in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
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ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN Sana Naaz Fatima Assistant Professor Dept. Of Pharmaceutics St.Peter s Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Electron transport chain: Energy-rich molecules, such as glucose, are metabolized by a series of oxidation reactions and yield CO2 and water. The metabolic intermediates of these reactions donate electrons to specific coenzymes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), to form the energy-rich reduced forms, NADH and FADH2. These reduced coenzymes donate a pair of electrons to a specialized set of electron carriers, collectively called the electron transport chain
Location of Electron transport chain: The ETC is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Mechanism of Electron transport chain: The inner mitochondrial membrane have 5 enzyme complexes- complex I, II, II , IV and V. The complexes I- IV are carriers of electrons while complex V is responsible for ATP synthesis.
Inhibitors of Electron transport chain: NADH and coenzyme Q : Fish poison rotenone, barbituate drug Amytal and antibiotic piercidin A inhibit this site. Between cytochrome b and c1 : Antimycin A -an antibiotic, British antilewisite (BAL)-an antidote. Inhibitors of cytochrome oxidase: Carbon monoxide, cyanide, hydrogen sulphide and azide effectively inhibit cytochrome oxidase.
