UNIT-1 DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD
This chapter explores taxonomic categories within the living world. It delves into the classification of organisms based on shared characteristics, leading to a better understanding of biodiversity and species differentiation. The content covers the hierarchical structure of taxonomic classifications, highlighting the importance of systematic organization in the realm of biology.
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UNIT I DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD CHAPTER 1 The Living World Taxonomic Categories 1
TAXONOMIC CATEGORIES * Classification involves hierarchy of steps. * Each step represents a Rank or Category. Category is the part of overall taxonomic arrangements Taxonomic Categories. All categories together constitute Taxonomic Hierarchy. Each category is referred to as Unit Of Classification. Hierarchical Organization: Taxonomic categories are organized in a hierarchical manner, with each category becoming more specific as we move down the hierarchy. 2/10
TAXONOMY Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms based on their characteristics, relationships, and evolutionary history. 3/10
KINGDOM The highest taxonomic category, where organisms are grouped based on their fundamental characteristics. The five kingdoms are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. 4/10
PHYLUM / DIVISION The next level of classification after kingdom, where organisms within a kingdom are further divided based on shared characteristics. Examples include Chordata, Arthropoda, Bryophyta, and Coniferophyta. 5/10
CLASS Further subdivision of phylum/division, where organisms sharing common characteristics are grouped together. Examples include Mammalia, Insecta, Aves, and Reptilia. 6/10
ORDER The next level of classification, where organisms within a class are categorized based on similarities. Examples include Carnivora, Coleoptera, Rodentia, and Primates. 7/10
FAMILY Classification category above genus, consisting of related genera. Examples include Felidae, Canidae, Rosaceae, and Poaceae. 8/10
GENUS A group of closely related species that share common characteristics. Examples include Panthera, Canis, Rosa, and Zea. 9/10
SPECIES The most specific taxonomic category, representing a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Each species has a unique scientific name based on binomial nomenclature (e.g., Panthera leo for lions). 10/10
