Unlocking the Mysteries of Indian Climate: Geography Insights
Discover the diverse geography and climate of India as presented by Dr. B.B. Ghurake. Learn about the physical divisions, monsoon winds, and more in this comprehensive overview. Explore the significance of monsoons and their impact on India's climate.
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Rayat Shikshan Sansthas Rajarshi Chh. Shahu College, Kolhapur Competitive Examination Centre Sub : Geography Topic : Indian Climate Presented By : Dr. B. B. Ghurake M.A./M.Sc.(Geog), UGC-NET, C.B.N.R.M., PGDSEIP., Ph.D.
India : Size & Location India, the 2nd largest populous country in the world after China. Total geographical area of 32,87,263 sq.km. which represents about 2.4 % of the earth s total land area. India, the 7th largest country in the world, after Russia(1), Canada(2), China(3), USA(4), Brazil(5) & Australia(6). "There is no substitute for the Hard Work".- Prof. B.B. Ghurake
Contin. Vast area & huge population represents Physical and Cultural diversity. India lies in the north-eastern hemisphere between 8 4 28 to 37 6 53 North Latitude & 68 7 33 to 97 25 47 East Longitude. The tropic of Cancer passed through the middle of the country. "There is no substitute for the Hard Work".- Prof. B.B. Ghurake
Contin. North to South = 3214 km (J&K to Kanyakumari.) West to East = 2933 km (Gujarat to Arunachal) Land Frontier = 15,200 km Coast Line = 7516 km (Including Island) Physical Divisions of India: 1) The Himalayan Mountain 2) The Great Plain of the North India 3) The Peninsular Plateau 4) The Coastal Plains 5) The Island "There is no substitute for the Hard Work".- Prof. B.B. Ghurake
"There is no substitute for the Hard Work".- Prof. B.B. Ghurake
Monsoon is a term derived from the Arabic word Mausim , meaning season. It was first used by Arabic navigators to describe the seasonal winds of the Arabian Sea. These winds blow from the north-east for one half of the year and from the south-west for the other half. Monsoon winds blow from cold to warm regions because cold air takes up more space than warm air
Indias climate is dominated by monsoons. Monsoons are strong, often violent winds that change direction with the season. Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015
Monsoons occur due to changes in atmospheric pressure which are caused by different rates of heating and cooling of continents and oceans. Monsoons occur every year in many countries around the world other than South Asia - northern Australia, Africa, South America and the US are also affected. Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015
"There is no substitute for the Hard Work".- Prof. B.B. Ghurake
Being a tropical monsoon country there are two monsoon seasons. The South West (summer) monsoon has warm winds blowing from Indian Ocean. Its span is June to September, with 75 % of the annual rainfall in India. It varies from 10 cm in western Rajasthan to over 900 cm in Meghalaya. Summer monsoon North- East (winter) monsoon is characterized by a dry continental air mass blowing from the vast Siberian high pressure area from December to March. The rainfall includes snowfall during winter monsoon which is of the order of 1000 km2 in India. This is also known as Retreating monsoon. Winter monsoon
]nhaLa BaartIya maansa Unacao ivaBaaga maaGa arI maans aUna pavasaa La ihvaaL a
Major types of Climate found in India 1. The Hot Weather Season (March-May) 2. The Rainy Season (June-September) 3. The Season of Retreating South-west Monsoon (October-November). 4. The Cold Weather Season (December-February) Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015
1. The Hot Weather Season (March-May) The North Indian region experiences a well defined hot weather season during the month of April and May. Temperature starts rising by the middle of March and by mid May, Mercury touches 41 to 42 C. Temperature even exceeds 45 C in areas of central and north-west India. A striking feature of the hot weather season is the Loo. It is a hot and dry wind which blows in Northern India and Pakistan and can cause heat stroke. The highest temperature is recorded in the month of March and May. Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015
]YNa hvaocaa ]nhaLa maaca- to mao 21 maaca- raojaI sauya-ikrNao ivaYauvavaR%tavar laMba$p pDtat va %yaa idvasaapasaUna sauyaa-cao ]%trayaNa sau$ haoto. dixaNaokDUna ]%trokDo tapmaana vaaZt jaato. mao maihnyaat savaa-Mt jaast tapmaana Asato. Punjab, Hariyana, Uttar Pradesh average Temp. 38 C. rajasqaanamaQaIla gaMgaanagar ho BaartatIla savaa-t jaast tapmaanaacao izkaNa Aaho. gaMgaanagar Baagaat tapmaana 50 C Asato. Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015
laU sqaaina k vaaroo naavao- sTr AaMbaos arI kalabaOsa aKI
laU : ]%trokDIla piXcama maOdanaI pzdoXaat vaahNaaro Ait]YNa va kaorDo vaaro mao jaUna maihnyaat vaahtat %yaaMnaa laU mhNatat. naavao-sTr : piXcama baMgaala Aaoirsaa yaa Baagaat baMgaalacyaa ]psaagarava$na yaoNaaro ]badar baaYpyau@t vaaro va vaayavyaokDUna yaoNaaro ]YNa kaorDo vaaro yaaMcyaa sammaIlanaat gaDgaDaTI vaadLaMcaI inaima-tI haoto %yaasa naavao-sTr mhNatat. kalabaOsaaKI : gaMgaocyaa maOdanaat piXcama baMgaalamaQyao maaca- maihnyaat maaosamaIpUva- vaadLI vaayaaMsah pDNaayaa pavasaasa kalabaOsaaKI mhNatat. AaMbaosarI : ]nhaLyaatIla kmaI dabaacyaa pTTMyaamaULo maharaYT/ knaa-Tk va taimaLnaaDU yaa rajyaat pDNaara pa}sa mhNajao AaMbaosarI haoya. vasaMtvaYaa- : Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015
pavasaaLajaUna to saPToMbar jaUnamaQyao sauya-ikrNao kk-vaR%tavar laMba$p pDtat va %yaamaULo ]%tr BaartatIla tapmaana vaaZt jaato. ]%tr Baartat tapmaana jaast Asalyaanao kmaI Baaracaa pzdoXa inamaa-Na haotao. samaudzakDUna Baartacyaa idXaonao saavakaXapNao vaahNaaro vaaro jaaoranao vaahU laagatat. %yaaMcaa vaoga taXaI 30 to 35 ikmaI Asatao %yaaMnaaca naO_%ya maansaUna vaaro mhNatat. Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015 naO_%ya maansaUna vaaro malabaar iknaayaavar 3
maaosamaI vaayaaMcaI idXaa sqaanapr%vao vaogavaogaLI Asato. piXcama iknaarpTTIlaa piXcamaokDUna puvao-kDo Asato. Prof. B. B. Ghurake 2015 piXcama baMgaalamaQyao
naO?%ya maaosamaI vaaro XaaKa baMgaalacy aa ]psaagarava rIla XaaKa ArbaI samaudzava rIla XaaKa Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015
ArbaI samaudzavarIla XaaKa : dixaNa Baartalaa pa}sa imaLtao. mauMba[-javaL taXaI vaoga 20 ikmaI. piXcama GaaTamaULo yaaMcaI gatI kmaI. Baartacyaa piXcama iknaa aavar 250 saomaI pa}sa pDtao. knaa-TkatIla maMgalaaor yaoqao 290 saomaI pa}sa pDtao. mauMba[- yaoqao 190 saomaI pa}sa pDtao. piXcama GaaT AaolaaMDlyaanaMtr kmaI pa}sa Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015 pDtao karNa
baMgaalacyaa ]psaagaravarIla XaaKa baMgaalacyaa dixaNa iknaa aavar AalyaanaMtr %yaacyaa daona XaaKa haotat. ek XaaKa bazhmapuHaocyaa Kao aatUna AasaamamaQyao jaato. yaa XaaKomaULo ]%tr baMgaala va AasaamamaQyao Kup pa}sa pDtao. yaa vaa aaMpasaUna maoGaalayaatIla maaOisanarama yaoqao 1187 saomaI tr caorapuMjaI yaoqao 1150 saomaI pa}sa pDtao. iXalaa^Mga yaoqao 40 saomaI pa}sa pDtao. Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015
Ekk?kkjh ekUlwupk dkG vkWaDVkscjuksOgsacj 23 lIVscj iklwu lw;kZps nf{k.kk;.k lq: gksrs vkf.k mRrj xksyk/kkZr rkieku deh gksowu ok;wnkc ok<rks - ifj.kkeh mRrj Hkkjrkr uS_R; eksleh ok&;kapk izHkko deh gks u rs vkXus; o nf{k.ksdMs ljdw ykxrkr- ;kykp ekUlwuph ek?kkj vls Eg.krkr - vkWDVkscj ]Ymaa : lIVascjP;k e/;ki;Zar Hkkjrkr okg.kkjs uS_R; eksleh okjs ek?kkjh fQjY;kuarj Hkkjrkr vkWDVkscj efgU;kr lw;Zizdk Xaaph rhozrk ok<wu rkieku gh ok<rs - R;kl ladze.kdkG vls Eg.krkr- Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015
Retreating Monsoons ( North East Monsoon)
The Cold Weather Season (December-February) fgokGk %& fMlsacj rs Qsczqokjh 22 fMlsacjyk lq;Z edjo`Rrkoj vlrks- R;kosGh Hkkjrkr rkieku d{kk [kkyh ;sowu dksjMk o FkaM fgokGk lq: gksrks - ;k dkGkr ^ [-Xaanya eksleh okjs leqnzkdMs okg.kkjs caxkyP;k milkxjko:u baaYpyau@t curkr . [-Xaanya eksleh ok&;keqGs iwoZ fduk&;koj vka/kziznsXa] rkfeGukMw ;sFks fgokG;kr ik l iMrks - maharaYT/atIla fonHkkZP;k iwoZ Hkkxkr gh dkgh izek.kkr gk ik l iMrks-
Hkkjrkrhy itZU;kps foHkkx (Rainfall Distribution in India) vfrtkLr itZU;kpk izdoXa 250 ls-eh- is{kk tkLr Hkkjrkph piXcama fdukjiV~Vh ] v:.kkpy izdoXa ] es?kky;] fe>ksje ] vklke] piXcama caxky b- tkLr ik l iM.;kps dkj.k Eg.kts eksleh okjs ;k Hkkxkrhy map ioZr jkxkauh vMfoys tkrkr - ;k Hkkxkr taxykps izek.k tkLr vkgs jaast pja-nyaacaa pzdoXa 150 to 250 saomaI : ihmaalyaacyaa payaqyaacaa pzdoXa maQya pzdoXaacaa pUva- Baaga Aasaama baMgaala ibahar ]%tr pzdoXaacaa pUva- Baaga [. Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015
maQyama pja-nyaacaa pzdoXa 60 to 150 saomaI : ]%tr BaartIya maOdanaI pzdoXa maharaYT/ knaa-Tk tolaMganaa AaMQazpzdoXa [. Baartacaa bahutaMXa Baaga maQyama pja- nyaacaa. kmaI pja-nyaacaa pzdoXa 40 to 60 saomaI : pUva- rajasqaana piXcama gaujarat piXcama baMgaala pUva- hiryaaNaa AaMQazpzdoXa [. dixaNa BaartatIla pja-nyaCayaocyaa pzdoXa. Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015 AtI kmaI pja-nyaacaa pzdoXa 40 saomaI poxaa
BaartIya pja-nyaacaI vaOiXaYTyao 1. ivatrNaatIla Asamaanata : 2. AinaiXcatta va Asamaanata : 3. kzoMidztta : 4. calaxamata : 5. AvaYa-Na : Prof. B.B. Ghurake 2015
SET EXAM (6 SEPT 2015) 1. Commercial airlines of temperate latitudes prefer to fly in the atmospheric layer namely A. Lower Troposphere B. Upper Troposphere C. Upper Stratosphere D. Lower Stratosphere
2. In which states is Western Ghats is spread and known for its rich biodiversity? A. Maharashtra-Rajastan B. Gujarat-Madhya Pradesh C. Karnataka-Telangana D. Maharashtra-Karnataka-Kerala
