Values Adventure - Cultivating Organizational Culture
Importance of organizational culture through the values adventure, addressing key cultural phenomena like low morale, high turnover, and more. Discover how culture shapes performance, serving consumers in a meaningful way. Dive into defining core values and teamwork dynamics. Uncover insights on current culture and behaviors guiding organizational success.
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StudyMafia.Org Goiter Submitted To: Submitted By: Studymafia.org Studymafia.org
Table Contents Definition Introduction Symptoms of Goiter Causes of Goiter Complications of Goiter Risk-Factors of Goiter Diagnosis of Goiter Treatment of Goiter Conclusion 2
Definition A goiter (GOI-tur) is the irregular growth of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck just below the Adam's apple. 3
Introduction A goiter may be an overall enlargement of the thyroid, or it may be the result of irregular cell growth that forms one or more lumps (nodules) in the thyroid. A goiter may be associated with no change in thyroid function or with an increase or decrease in thyroid hormones. . Small goiters that aren't noticeable and don't cause problems usually don't need treatment. 4
Causes of Goiter The conversion of food into energy (metabolism) Body temperature Heart rate Blood pressure Other hormone interactions Growth during childhood 6
Causes of Goiter Iodine deficiency. Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. If a person does not get enough dietary iodine, hormone production drops and the pituitary gland signals the thyroid to make more. This increased signal results in thyroid growth. In the United States, this cause is uncommon because of iodine added to table salt. 7
Causes of Goiter Hashimoto's disease. Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder, an illness caused by the immune system attacking healthy tissues. When the pituitary gland detects the decline and prompts the thyroid to create more hormones, the thyroid can become enlarged. 8
Causes of Goiter Graves' disease. Another autoimmune disorder called Graves' disease occurs when the immune system produces a protein that mimics TSH. Thyroid nodules. A nodule is the irregular growth of thyroid cells that form a lump. A person may have one nodule or several nodules (multinodular goiter). 9
Causes of Goiter Thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer is less common than other cancers and generally treatable. Pregnancy. A hormone produced during pregnancy, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), may cause the thyroid gland to be overactive and enlarge slightly. Inflammation. Thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid caused by an autoimmune disorder, bacterial or viral infection, or medication. 10
Complicationsof Goiter A goiter itself usually doesn't cause complications. The appearance may be troublesome or embarrassing for some people. Changes in the production of thyroid hormones that may be associated with goiters have the potential for causing complications in multiple body systems. 11
Risk- Factors of Goiter A lack of dietary iodine. Iodine is found primarily in seawater and in the soil in coastal areas. Being female. Women are more likely to develop a goiter or other thyroid disorders. Pregnancy and menopause. Thyroid problems in women are more likely to occur during pregnancy and menopause. Age. Goiters are more common after age 40. 12
Risk- Factors of Goiter Family medical history. Family medical history of goiters or other thyroid disorders increases the risk of goiters. Medications. Some medical treatments, including the heart drug amiodarone (Pacerone) and the psychiatric drug lithium (Lithobid), increase your risk. Radiation exposure. Your risk increases if you've had radiation treatments to your neck or chest area. 13
Diagnosis of Goiter Thyroid function tests. A blood sample can be used to measure the amount of TSH. Antibody test. Depending on the results of the thyroid function test. Ultrasonography. Ultrasonography uses sound waves to create a computerized image of tissues in your neck. 15
Diagnosis of Goiter Radioactive iodine uptake. If your health care provider orders this test, you are given a small amount of radioactive iodine. Biopsy. During a fine-needle aspiration biopsy, ultrasound is used to guide a very small needle into your thyroid to obtain a tissue or fluid sample from nodules. 16
Treatment of Goiter Medications For increasing hormone production. An underactive thyroid is treated with a thyroid hormone replacement. For reducing hormone production. An overactive thyroid may be treated with an anti-thyroid drug that disrupts hormone production 17
Treatment of Goiter Radioactive iodine treatment Radioactive iodine is a treatment for an overactive thyroid gland. The dose of radioactive iodine is taken orally. The thyroid takes up the radioactive iodine, which destroys cells in the thyroid. 18
Treatment of Goiter Surgery You may need surgery to remove all or part of your thyroid gland (total or partial thyroidectomy) may be used to treat goiter with the following complications: Difficulty breathing or swallowing Thyroid nodules that cause hyperthyroidism Thyroid cancer 19
Conclusion A goiter (GOI-tur) is the irregular growth of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a butterfly- shaped gland located at the base of the neck just below the Adam's apple. 21
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