Wakefield Acceleration from Black Hole Emanating Astrophysical Jets
"Study on Wakefield acceleration from black hole emanating astrophysical jets revealing evidence of gamma-ray bursts at a workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures. The workshop covers topics such as ultra-high energy cosmic rays, bow wake acceleration, future cosmic-ray observations, NS-NS merger, gravitational waves, and the origin of cosmic rays. Detailed analysis includes the discovery of cosmic rays, arrival direction mapping, and investigations into the nearest starburst galaxy M82. Discussions also touch on the Fermi mechanism for synchrotron radiation."
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
You are allowed to download the files provided on this website for personal or commercial use, subject to the condition that they are used lawfully. All files are the property of their respective owners.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
Wakefield acceleration from blackhole emanating astrophysical jets with evidence of gamma ray bursts Toshikazu Ebisuzaki (Toshi2; RIKEN) Toshiki Tajima (UC Irvine) Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 1
contents 1. Ultra High Energy Cosmic rays (~1020eV) and Star burst galaxy M82 2. Bow wake acceleration 3. Future Cosmic-ray Observations 4. NS-NS merger and Gravitational Wave 5. Conclusion Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 2
Origin of Cosmic rays 100 years enigma Discovered in 1912 by Victor Hess Extra- galactic galactic UHECR Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 3
Arrival Direction Map (cosmic rays>5 1019eV) M82 TA M82 M82 M82 Northern hot spot photon high energy low energy Magnetic bending of charged particles Auger First Identification of CR sources? 2025/3/4 First sign of anisotropy in charged particles Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 4
M82: Nearest Starburst Galaxy M82 X-1: 1000-10000 Ms BH M82 X-1 Composite of X-ray, IR, and optical emissions Just after the collision with M81 NASA / CXC / JHU / D. Strickland; optical: NASA / ESA / STScI / AURA/ Hubble Heritage Team; IR: NASA / JPL-Caltech /Univ. of AZ / C. Engelbracht; inset NASA / CXC / Tsinghua University / H. Feng et al. Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 5
contents 1. Ultra High Energy Cosmic rays (~1020eV) and Star burst galaxy M82 2. Bow wake acceleration 3. Future Cosmic-ray Observations 4. NS-NS merger and Gravitational Wave 5. Conclusion Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 6
Fermi mechanism incoherent requires bending synchrotron loss Synchrotron radiation Synchrotron radiation Synchrotron radiation By Department of Energy. Office of Public Affairs Synchrotron radiation Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 7 E. Fermi, ApJ 119 (1954) 1. 2025/3/4
Bow wake Stern wake Coherence in Wakefield Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 8
Bow wake acceleration relativistic coherence: ? ? linear acceleration by electrostatic field Bow wake One of the wake field acceleration, which takes place when a0>>1 2025/3/4 UC Irvine November 16, 2017 9
1D Particle-in-Cell simulation with the code by Nagata2008 ?0= 0.4 ?max(???2) ?0= 2 ?0= 60 ?0 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals 2025/3/4 10 Lau et al. 2015, Phys. Rev. 18, 024401 and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019
Jet of M87 Galaxy A) B) T. Tajima and K. Shibata, Plasma Astrophysics (Perseus Publishing, Cambridge Masachusetts 1997).
Jet Black hole Accretion Disk NASA/ESA and Ann Feild ( Space Telescope Science Institute) Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 12
Eruption of magnetic field in an accretion disk A Burst of Electromagnetic Disturbance Tajima and Gilden 1987, ApJ 320, 741-745 Haswell, Tajima, and Sakai, 1992, ApJ, 401, 495-507 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 13
3-D relativistic MHD simulation ? ?g ? = ?g/?m 2025/3/4 UC Irvine November 16, 2017 14 A. Mizuta et al. 2016
Alfven Pulse ?0~1012 1 Linear Bow Wake Acceleration Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 15
Acceleration by pondermotive force at bow wake D 3 = W z F dD max pm 0 = 0 F m ca pm e A Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 16
cosmic ray acceleration and X-ray emission M82 X-1 ?tot= 1.3 1038? ? erg s 1 2025/3/4 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 17
Energy Flow (M82 X-1) Gravitational Energy 5% 5% X-rays ?X~1041 erg/s Alfven EM 10% 1:1 ?A~1041 erg/s 10% electrons 100% protons ??~1040 erg/s 100% ?CR~1040 erg/s gamma rays cosmic rays 1:1 10% ?UHECR~1039 erg/s ?UHECR~3 UHECRs/100km2/yr ~?HotSpot 0.1:1 F(W) W-2 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 UHECRs 2025/3/4 18
Possible UHECR sources They are all gamma-ray sources distance (Mpc) BH mass (106? ) Luminosity (1039erg s-1) Flux ( 100 km2yr) Spot size (degree) Wmax (1020eV) type UHECRs M82 NGC253 NGC4945 3.6 3.3 3.6 SB SB SB SF R 0.0035-0.01 0.0001 0.0001 1.4 2400 24-160 2.4, 2.9, 4.1 1.0 300 70 1300 130 1300 510 0.26-1.7 0.12 0.011 3.2 18 17 18 6.5-81 6.5-13 2.0 6.9 0.007 0.34 0.19 4.2 0.18-3.8 M87 16.7 84 Cen A 3.6 R 55 1.4 14 0.026 18 Cen B 52 R 10-1000 260 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 19
Excess map: three hot spots Aab et al. (2018) Astrophys. J. Letters, 853, L29 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 20
cosmic ray acceleration and gamma-ray emission Seyfert G. Radio G./ Blazers ULXS Mini-quasers 2025/3/4 BH Astronomy with Ultra High Energy CRs Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 21
contents 1. Ultra High Energy Cosmic rays (~1020eV) and Star burst galaxy M82 2. Bow wake acceleration 3. Future Cosmic-ray Observations 4. NS-NS merger and Gravitational Wave 5. Conclusion Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 22
5. K-EUSO Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 23
Science of K-EUSO 1. Study of UHECR fux from space with uniform response 2. flux E>3 1019eV north & south 3. Anysotropy 4. Earth observations, bioluminescence 5. Debris tracking and removal Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 24
contents 1. Ultra High Energy Cosmic rays (~1020eV) and Star burst galaxy M82 2. Bow wake acceleration 3. Future Cosmic-ray Observations 4. NS-NS merger and Gravitational Wave 5. Conclusion Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 25
NS-NS merger/GW burst GW170817 1.7 seconds delay in gamma-rays Lorentz invariance test: 3 10 15 +7 10 16 times of speed of light between GW and photons Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 26
NS-NS merger GW burst NS2 NS1 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 27
NS-NS mergerBH + Disk 1 second after or much faster? gamma/CRs Alfven/EM wave neutrinos neutrinos disk disk Black hole ?disk~0.1? ? ~1052erg/s~?? ?BH= 3 4? Central Engine of GRB/Hypernova neutrinos neutrinos Alfven/EM wave Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 28
Conclusions M82: the nearest starburst galaxy M82 X-1: Intermediate Mass Blackholes (103-104? ) 1041erg/s Other nearby starburst galaxies (NGC253 and NGC4945) They are all gamma-ray sources (Fermi satellite) =possible origin of the hot spots in UHECRs =likely High Energy Neutrino sources: IceCube/ANITA and POEMMA Bow Wake Acceleration Accreting BH+disk+jet Astronomical Linear Accelerator Bursts of Intense Alfven/EM waves Laser Jet wave guide High ?0> 10 experiments will prove our theory Future mission: K-EUSO space observatory with Russian Space Agency Confirmation of south-north anisotropy Identification of starburst galaxies GW burst from NS-NS merger: GW170817 BH+accretion disk Electromagnetic burst of 1052erg/s Central engine of the entire GRB/Hypernova Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 29
Back up Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 30
Nine nearby Fermi AGNs (Sky Map) Ebisuzaki and Tajima 2014, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics, 223, 1113-1120. Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 31
Galaxy distribution in the supergalactic plane Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 32
Background Component: Numerous number of Distant Sources Ebisuzaki and Tajima 2014 Distant Blazers Local gamma-ray Luminosity of blazers: ??= 1037-1038erg s 1Mpc 3 UHECR~0.1 particles/(100 km2yr sr) GZK (if mainly protons) UHE?~5 particles/(100 km2yr sr) for ?UHE > 1020eV Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 33
TA Hot Spot: UHECRs from M82? He, Kusenko, Nagataki + PRD 2016. M82 The most likely Source Position As a Result of Our Analysis. M82 is very Close from the most likely Source Position! Purple Lines are Source Positions With 1,2,3-sigma Errors. Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 34
Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 35
Neutrino and gamma ray flux Engel et al 2001 (GZK neutrino) UHECR ? 2exp( ?/1021.5eV) Taken from Anchordoqui et al. 2014, Phys. Rev. D., 89, 127304 and Yacobi et al. 2016, Ap. J., 823, 89, modified by TE and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals 2025/3/4 36
GW150914 Merging of Binary BH: 36Ms+29Ms Distance 410 Mpc=0.410 Gpc (Z=0.09) Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 37
Shinkai, kanda, and Ebisuzaki, 2017, ApJ, 835, 276-283. Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 38
?A> ?p EM wave ?A< ? p Alfven wave Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 39
Radio/X-ray nots in Cen X-1 Jets Hardcastle et al. 2003, ApJ 903 160-183 Wolf-Rayet Stars in the Jets? effective CNO supply? () and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals 2025/3/4 40
ADVANCED SCHMIDT OPTICAL DESIGN LAYOUT Spherical mirror Corrector plate Focal Surface Entrance aperture Double Donut Schmidt Camera (named by P. Mazzinghi) 2025/3/4 Page 41 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019
Light Curves Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 42
An AGN-like Jet in M82? X-ray/Radio (flare in 1981) Xu et al. 2015 ApJ Letters 799, L28 Radio Flare 1981 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 43
Astrophysical Implication Hot spot component came from M82 too near for GZK (D=3.4 Mpc) mainly proton Magnetic deflection? ?~10 nG for ? = 3.2 Mpc ? ? nG~17.4 ? = 0.5 Mpc 1/2 1/2 ? ?c Mpc ?r nG~9.4 ? = 0.36 Mpc Consistent with Local Supercluster structure Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 44
UHECR emission: Beaming? Radio galaxies: Angle to Line of sight >10-20 M87 43 : off-axis Cen A 50-80 :off-axis Blazers: <10 No information for M82 X-1 Single jet? <10 on-axis Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 45
K-EUSO exposure Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 46
?A< ?p Alfven wave ?A> ? p EM wave Pondermotive Acc. Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 47
2MASS galaxy distribution IPAC/Caltech, by Thomas Jarrett - "Large Scale Structure in the Local Universe: The 2MASS Galaxy Catalog", Jarrett, T.H. 2004, PASA, 21, 396 2025/3/4 and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals 48
Difficulties of Fermi acceleration in UHECR 1. Bending is inevitable synchrotron loss 2. Confinement is difficult no acceleration Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 49
Theoretical Upper limit of Fermi mech.< 1020eV Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures, 24-25, June 2019 2025/3/4 50
![[PDF⚡READ❤ONLINE] Black Hole Astrophysics: The Engine Paradigm (Springer Praxis](/thumb/21503/pdf-read-online-black-hole-astrophysics-the-engine-paradigm-springer-praxis.jpg)
