Water Resistance Performance of Exterior Envelope
Study on water resistance performance of exterior envelope related to fenestration during high winds, specifically after Hurricane Irma. Investigating systemic problems within the Building Code and proposing potential modifications. Scope includes review of literature, forensic reports on water damage, and analysis of meteorological data.
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Presentation Transcript
Study of Water Resistance Performance of Exterior Envelope Relating to Fenestration During Minimal High Winds David O. Prevatt, Ph.D., PE (MA) Associate Professor Fenestration Water Resistance Workgroup Florida Building Commission 16 April 2019 Hilton University of Florida Conference Center, Gainesville, FL
Acknowledgements Dr. David O. Prevatt Principal Investigator Graduate Students Rodrigo Castillo-Perez Mariel Ojeda-Tuz Dr. Jean-Paul Pinelli Florida Institute of Technology Support arranged by (Mo Madani) FBC through: Building A Safer Florida (BASF)
Motivation and Objective Following Hurricane Irma (2017), Workgroup Chair conducted forensic surveys of over 3,309 condo/apt units in 15 buildings 33xxx zipcode. Observed water intrusion damage through/around fenestration, although Irma s wind speed was much lower than design wind speed (170 mph) for area. Question: Is there systemic problems within the Building Code that are not being addressed? Should FBC modify current provisions?
Scope of Work Provide support to Workgroup deliberations and discussions Review existing literature on water leakage through residential building envelopes by Univ. of Florida, FIU, FIT and others. Summarize the recommendations and conclusions Determine which if any recommendations are included in the Building Code. Provide input to Workgroup regarding benefits and costs of modifying wind-driven rain test standards Review forensic reports water damage to units as provided to us by the Workgroup Chair Analyze the dataset of units age, story height, orientation etc. Estimate peak wind speed and other meteorological data to estimate rain loading and wind loading on windows
Research: Lopez, C., Masters, F. J., and Bolton, S. (2011). "Water penetration resistance of residential window and wall systems subjected to steady and unsteady wind loading." Building and Environment, 46(7), 1329
Research: Lopez, C., Masters, F. J., and Bolton, S. (2011). "Water penetration resistance of residential window and wall systems subjected to steady and unsteady wind loading." Building and Environment, 46(7), 1329-1342.
Research: Lopez, C., Masters, F. J., and Bolton, S. (2011). "Water penetration resistance of residential window and wall systems subjected to steady and unsteady wind loading." Building and Environment, 46(7), 1329-1342.
Tasks Completed Compile References in the Current Florida Building Code ASTM International (formerly American Society for Testing and Materials) Fenestration Manufacturers Association (FMA) Review Water Penetration Research at UF (and other labs) Current Standard Test Procedures for Water Resistance Testing Water Damaged Apartment/Condominium Units Database Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model
Buildings and numbers of units experiencing water intrusion issues with little or no wind damage. Constructed Date Height (Stories) Wind Driven Rain (in) Wind at 10 m (mph) Wind at max height (mph) Building Zip Code Orientation Wind Dir SSE A 1999 32 33305 N-S 8 38 57 SSE B 1973 19 33019 E-W 8 42 57 SE C 2008 17 33062 N-S 8.8 44 60 E D 1981 19 34145 E-W 33.5 111 155 SE E 1982 26 33140 N-S 9.8 45 63 SE F 1970 16 33062 N-S 8.5 44 60 SE G 1974 22 33432 E-W 8.3 41 58 SSE H 1977 22 33009 E-W 7.1 38 54 ENE I 1966 6 33160 E-W 6.6 40 52 SSE J 1971 11 33304 N-S 8 44 57 SSE K 2005 28 33019 E-W 8.8 42 60 SSE L 1968 7 33019 E-W 5.5 42 48 SSE M 1980 10 33137 E-W 8.8 40 60 ESE N 2006 42 33131 N-S 10.1 42 64 SSE O 1982 27 33138 E-W 8 39 57 6
Locations E 7
Wind Speed at 10 m vs. Wind Speed at Maximum Height 300 250 Wind Speed at Max Height Wind Speed at 10 m 200 Wind Speed (mph) 155 150 100 63 60 60 64 57 60 57 58 60 57 57 52 48 54 111 50 45 44 44 44 42 42 42 42 41 40 40 39 38 38 0 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O Building 6
Locations SE SE SSE SSE SSE SSE ENE SSE SE SSE ESE 8
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SSE A 1999 32 33305 N-S 8 57 Building A: Zip code 33305 Building A: Zip code 33305 350 350 300 300 250 250 200 200 Height (ft) Height (ft) 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 9
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SSE B 1973 19 33019 E-W 8 57 SSE K 2005 28 33019 E-W 8.8 60 SSE L 1968 7 33019 E-W 5.5 48 Building B, K, L: Zip code 33019 Building B, K, L: Zip code 33019 300 300 250 250 200 200 Height (ft) Height (ft) 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 10
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SE C 2008 17 33062 N-S 8.8 60 SE F 1970 16 33062 N-S 8.5 60 Building C, F: Zip code 33062 Building C, F: Zip code 33062 250 250 200 200 150 150 Height (ft) Height (ft) 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 11
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir E D 1981 19 34145 E-W 33.5 155 Building D: Zip code 34145 Building D: Zip code 34145 200 200 180 180 160 160 140 140 120 120 Height (ft) Height (ft) 100 100 80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 Wind speed (mph) Wind Driven Rain (in) 12
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SE E 1982 26 33140 N-S 9.8 63 Building E: Zip code 33140 Building E: Zip code 33140 300 300 250 250 200 200 Height (ft) Height (ft) 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 Wind speed (mph) Wind Driven Rain (in) 13
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SE G 1974 22 33432 E-W 8.3 58 Building G: Zip code 33432 Building G: Zip code 33432 200 200 150 150 Height (ft) Height (ft) 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 14
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SSE H 1977 22 33009 E-W 7.1 54 Building H: Zip code 33309 Building H: Zip code 33309 250 250 200 200 150 150 Height (ft) Height (ft) 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 Wind speed (mph) Wind Driven Rain (in) 15
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir ENE I 1966 6 33160 E-W 6.6 52 Building I: Zip code 33160 Building I: Zip code 33160 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 Height (ft) Height (ft) 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 30 35 40 Wind speed (mph) 45 50 55 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 16
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SSE J 1971 11 33304 N-S 8 57 Building J: Zip code 33304 Building J: Zip code 33304 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 Height (ft) Height (ft) 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 17
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SSE M 1980 10 33137 E-W 8.8 60 Building M: Zip code 33137 Building M: Zip code 33137 350 350 300 300 250 250 200 200 Height (ft) Height (ft) 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 18
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir ESE N 2006 42 33131 N-S 10.1 64 Building N: Zip code 33131 Building N: Zip code 33131 450 450 400 400 350 350 300 300 Height (ft) 250 Height (ft) 250 200 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Wind Driven Rain (in) Wind speed (mph) 19
Wind Driven Rain & Peak Wind Constructed Date Height (Stories) Building Zip Code Orientation WDR (in) Wind (mph) Wind Dir SSE O 1982 27 33138 E-W 8 57 Building O: Zip code 33138 Building O: Zip code 33138 300 300 250 250 200 200 Height (ft) Height (ft) 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 0.0 2.0 4.0 Wind Driven Rain (in) 6.0 8.0 10.0 Wind speed (mph) 20
Remaining Work Continue to identify hurricane wind speeds Look for data on structures interior damage Final report by 15 June 2019 Recommendations for future studies
Thank You for Your Attention! David O. Prevatt dprev@ufl.edu
