Wind Measurement Technology Overview
Explore the evolution of anemometer technology, from traditional cup and propeller models to modern sonic anemometers. Learn how sonic pulses between transducers provide accurate wind speed and direction measurements in three dimensions. Discover the equilateral triangle configuration and the benefits of ultrasonic sound waves in wind measurement. Access additional information on sonic anemometers for meteorological applications.
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Presentation Transcript
Stephen Bone April 21, 2009
The Anemometer Instrument designed to measure wind speed/velocity, or other components of the wind vector. Classified according to the transducer employed (device for converting energy from one form to another). Cup, propeller, pilot-tube, hot-wire, and sonic anemometers.
The Sonic Anemometer Developed in the 1970 s. Uses ultrasonic sound waves to measure wind speed and direction. Extremely short time constant. No moving mechanical equipment required for taking measurements (Unlike cup or propeller anemometers).
anemometer http://www.weatherhut.com/site/1298901/LearningCenter/Images/Ultrasonic_animated.gif
Measurements Measurements based on time of flight of sonic pulses between pairs of transducers. The wind acts as a medium . The speed of sound through the medium added to the speed of the medium itself yields the speed of sound. This basic relationship is manipulated and used to make measurements with the Sonic Anemometer. Measurements can be done in three dimensions due to the design.
The equilateral triangle configuration of the three transducers provides three possible sets of basis vectors. The combinations yield bi-directional measurements on the paths labeled A, B and C. These measurements are used to determine the wind velocity components parallel to each of the three paths. (Stolen from Pat)
Information located at http://www.vaisala.com/files/A_Sonic_Anemometer_for_General_Meteorology.pdf
