Chlorophyll Structure and Function in Photosynthesis
"Explore the structure and function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis, including the role of photosystems, ATP and NADPH production, and the process of light energy conversion. Dr. K. Shahul Hameed provides insights into the photosynthetic mechanism and the importance of chlorophyll in green plants."
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Presentation Transcript
Chlorophyll Structure and Workfunction Dr. K. SHAHUL HAMEED Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 1
Structure of Chlorophyll Chlorophyll is found in the chloroplasts of green plants The basic structure of a chlorophyll molecule is a porphyrin ring, coordinated to a central atom Magnesium chlorophyll was a mixture of two compounds, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b both giving a green solution in organic solutions In natural chlorophyll there is a ratio of 3 to 1 (of a to b) of the two components Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 2
Tail Ring structure in head (absorbs light) Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 3
Work function of chlorophyll (Photosystems I and II) There are two types of photosystems in the chloroplast of the plant leaves Photosystem II (PS II) functions by absorbing a wavelength of 680 nm The reaction-center chlorophyll a of PS II is called as P680 Photosystem I (PS I) functions by absorbing a wavelength of 700 nm The reaction-center chlorophyll a of PS I is called as P700 Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 5
Photosynthetic process involves both photosystems and produces ATP and NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) using light energy A photon hits a pigment and its energy is passed among pigment molecules until it excites P680 An excited electron from P680 is transferred to the primary electron acceptor Now P680 becomes P680+ P680+ is a very strong oxidizing agent H2O enters into the system, is split by enzyme(PII), H2O 2H+ + O2 + 2e- the electrons are transferred to P680+, thus reducing it to P680 O2 is released as a by-product of this reaction Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 6
Each electron falls down an electron transport chain from the primary electron acceptor of PS II to PS I Energy released by the fall synthesize ATP In PS I (like PS II), transferred light energy excites P700, which loses an electron to an electron acceptor P700+, accepts an electron passed down from PS II via the electron transport chain Each electron falls down an electron transport chain from the primary electron acceptor of PS I to the protein ferredoxin (Fd) The electrons are then transferred to NADP+ and reduce it to NADPH The electrons of NADPH are available for the reactions of the Calvin cycle (dark reaction) In the Calvin cycle CO2 is converted into carbohydrates Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 7
CO2 H2O Light NADP+ + ADP +P i Calvin Cycle Light Reactions ATP NADPH Chloroplast [CH2O] (sugar) O2 Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 8
Primary acceptor Primary acceptor Dr. K. Shahul Hameed H.K.R.H. Colllege Upm 9
