Diabetes mellitus

Laboratory testing plays a crucial role in managing diabetes mellitus. Key tests include fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, autoimmune markers, diabetic ketoacidosis indicators, and monitoring markers for glucose compensation. Different types of diabetes have specific testing requirements, such as gestational diabetes screening, MODY testing, mitochondrial diabetes genetic testing, and diabetic nephropathy assessments. Secondary diabetes may result from conditions like pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatectomy, cystic fibrosis, or hemochromatosis.

• Diabetes
• Laboratory Testing
• Glycated Hemoglobin
• Autoimmune Markers
• Diabetic Nephropathy

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Uploaded on Feb 14, 2025 | 0 Views

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Presentation Transcript

1. Diabetes mellitus Laboratory testing key words

2. Diabetes mellitus - DM Fasting blood/plasma glucoce, cut-off 7.0 mmol/l (repeat the test!) Fasting or non-fasting (postprandial) glycated Hb (HbA1c), cut-off 48 mmol/mol DM type 1 incl. LADA: (Insulin), C-peptide Autoimmune insulitis: anti GAD, anti insulin, anti IA2, anti Zn transporter Diabetic ketoacidosis: Na, K, pH, osmolality, urine: ketonbodies (no detection of beta hydroxybutyrate!) Monitor: HbA1c or glycated albumin in hemoglobin variants, one day glucose profile (5, 7, 9 or 11 glucose levels before and after meals and night): M-value, MAGE, MDD and other calculated markers of glucose compensation

3. Diabetes mellitus - DM Gestational DM screening test oGTT (different from non- pregnant!) MODY (12 types), MODY 2 benign, all other serious, molecular genetics testing essential Mitochondrial DM (genetic testing) DM type 2 (most common, high BMI): insulin, C peptide, adiponectin, TGL Diabetic nephropathy: serum creatinine, (micro)albuminuria (urine albumin/creatinine ratio), urine alfa-1 microglobulin

4. Diabetes mellitus - DM Secondary DM: Pancreatic insufficiency Pacreatectomy Cystic fibrosis Haemochromatosis (bronz DM) Etc.