Effective C++ Compilation with Makefiles and G++ Features
Learn about compiling C++ programs using G++, creating efficient makefiles, and utilizing useful flags for better code management. Explore examples and advanced techniques to enhance your C++ development workflow.
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Presentation Transcript
RECITATION 1 COP4530 g++ features, better makefiles
Compiling C++ programs Single-file programs g++ prog1.cpp Multiple-file programs To invoke the compile stage: g++ -c <file_name> Example: g++ -c frac.cpp g++ -c main.cpp To invoke the linking stage: g++ -o <target_name> <object_files> example: g++ -o frac frac.o main.o (run the program: frac)
Some useful flags -std=c++11 (flag for using c++11 standard features) -Wall (all warnings about construction and some language- specific warnings) -pedantic (Enables warnings demanded by ISO C/C++) -I (including directories to search for header files) -c (compile only) -o <filename> (output rename)
Makefiles Filename: makefile or Makefile It consists of several sections: <target_name>: <dependency list> <TAB><commands> Any line that starts with a # character is a comment.
Make file example # This is a comment line frac: main.o frac.o g++ -o frac main.o frac.o main.o: main.cpp frac.h g++ -c main.cpp frac.o: frac.cpp frac.h g++ -c frac.cpp clean: rm *.o frac
Two ways to invoke commands: make : only the first target make <target_name> Clean section: Removing the old object files To invoke: make clean
More advanced makefile HOME = /home/courses/cop4530/recitation CC = g++ -Wall -pedantic PROJ = $(HOME)/rect2/makeutil INCL = -I $(PROJ) all: main.x main.x: largest.o print.o main.o $(CC) -o main.x print.o largest.o main.o largest.o: $(PROJ)/largest.h $(PROJ)/largest.cpp $(CC) -c $(INCL) $(PROJ)/largest.cpp print.o: $(PROJ)/print.h $(PROJ)/print.cpp $(CC) -c $(INCL) $(PROJ)/print.cpp main.o: $(PROJ)/main.cpp $(CC) -c $(INCL) $(PROJ)/main.cpp clean: rm -rf *.o *~ *.x
