Introduction to Lipids and Their Importance in Biological Systems
Lipids encompass a diverse group of compounds such as fats, oils, steroids, and waxes with unique properties making them pivotal in cell membranes and energy provision. Explore the nomenclature of fatty acids and the significance of delta naming systems.
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Topic Lipids Presented by Ms. P. H. Giri Department of Microbiology Deogiri College, Aurangabad
B.SC. F. Y. SEMESTER II PAPER NO. V BASIC BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT 2 LIPIDS Ms. Priyanka H. Giri
INTRODUCTION: The lipids are a heterogeneous group of compounds, including fats, oils, steroids, waxes, and related compounds, which are related more by their physical than by their chemical properties. Lipids are a class of compounds distinguished by their insolubility in water and solubility in nonpolar solvents. Lipids have the common property of being relatively insoluble in water and soluble in nonpolar solvents such as ether and chloroform. Lipids are important in biological systems because they form the cell membrane, a mechanical barrier that divides a cell from the external environment. Lipids also provide energy for life and several essential vitamins are lipids.
DELTA NOMENCLATURE: The most commonly used systems for designating the position of double bonds in an unsaturated fatty acid is the delta ( ) numbering system. For example, cis- 9 means that there is a cis double bond between carbon atoms 9 and 10; trans- 2 means that there is a trans double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3. In this nomenclature the carboxyl carbon is designated carbon 1. For example, palmitoleic acid has 16 carbons and has a double bond between carbons 9 and 10. It is designated as 16:1: 9.
