Operational Technology (OT) Overview
Explore the importance of Industrial Control & Automation Systems (IACS), Information Technology (IT), and the critical need for Cyber Security in this comprehensive guide. Learn about the integration of Business Systems, Cloud Computing, and IoT, along with key concepts like Control and Information Architectures and the role of Operational Technology (OT).
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Presentation Transcript
Enterprise Architecture & Levels Cyber Security Cyber Security Micro Learning Modules Micro Learning Modules IACS IACS for Industrial Automation & for Industrial Automation & Control Systems Control Systems Click the NEXT button at the bottom right to advance to the next slide To learn more about this user interface, click HERE
Foundation Definitions Control and Information Architectures may include: Enterprise Control and Information Architecture IT Information Technology Systems IT IACS Industrial Automation and Control Systems in Hazardous Industrial Areas Information Technology Networks to communicate within and between IT and IACS systems, IACS Industrial Automation and Control Systems
Why 1) IACS must be correctly structured for reliability and maintenance. If good architectural and engineering principals are not used for buildings, major structural failures are likely. The same is true of Industrial Automation & Control Systems. 2) IACS failures are more dangerous than IT failures. IT failures tend to result in financial loss, while IACS directly impacts facilities, the environment and human life. 3) Critical infrastructure IACS must be Cyber-secure. Critical infrastructure like chemical plants, pipelines, power plants, etc. must be designed to be Cyber-defensible. 4) Secure IACS Architectures must be designed in . They cannot be bolted on . The principles of IACS Architecture must be widely understood and applied.
Information Technology (IT) IT is defined as Business Systems + Cloud + IoT Business systems consist of a set of applications that receive manual and real time data and process this to provide results, reports and displays to humans and other systems. Cloud computing applications run on Internet servers and deliver data to Business Systems IT Cloud IoT devices and networks may gather real-time edge data and deliver this to Business Systems via the Internet. Business Systems IoT PLANT FIREWALL(S)
Industrial Control & Automation Systems (IACS) IACS are defined as IAS + ICS + IIoT + Plant Firewalls Each of these require the skills and experience of Control Engineers to design and maintain. IIoT systems should never be directly connect to ICS or IAS systems PLANT IACS include plant Firewalls that connect IACS networks to Business Systems. FIREWALL(S) IAS Robotics & Discrete ICS DCS, PLC & SCADA IIoT IACS
What is the Definition of Operational Technology (OT)? There are two common uses of the Operational Technology (OT) term: 1)Computer systems connected to industrial equipment 2)Real time measurement and control systems I prefer the second, and suggest the following definition. OT includes systems at all levels of the Corporation that gather operational data in real time and then make automated changes to these operations through IACS. Currently, most OT systems are connected to industrial equipment. However, using the second definition, such OT systems may exist at any level in the Enterprise Architecture, and with development of Industry 4.0 this is a major growth area.
Information Technology vs. Operational Technology ? IT DATA ANALYSIS STORAGE & PRESENTATION Presents Information OT Controls through IACS IACS Takes Automated Actions IACS PROCESSING & CONTROL ACTIONs
WHAT DOES THIS LOOK LIKE IN AN ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE Traditionally, IT (data storage, analysis & presentation) predominated at higher levels in the architecture, and IACS did plant control . Traditional IT / IACS split CORP & DIVISIONAL ENG. & TECH CORP & DIVISIONAL DP & MIS 6 & 7 LOCAL DP/MIS IT WIDE AREA NETWORK LOCAL ENG/TECH 5 R OFFICE LAN IT Specialists DATA PROD'N REPORT & SCHED QUALITY MGT MAINT. MGT PRODUCT TRACKING 4 HISTORIAN & F/W Control Engineers SITEWIDE INDUSTRIAL LAN PROCESS AREA 3 PROCESS AREA 1 PROCESS AREA 2 POWER HOUSE WAREH'SE 3 AUTOMAT'N SUPRV. SUPRV. SUPRV. SUPRV. IACS OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. 2 PROPRIETARY DCS AND PLC NETWORKS 1 CONTROLLERS, PLC'S, DATA ACQUISITION DEVICES, ETC.
IT vs. OT in INDUSTRY 4.0 ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURES With Enterprise Integration, Digital Twin Plant Optimization, AI-based Logistics and MRP systems, more and more high level applications involve real-time data acquisition and regulatory control. INDUSTRY 4.0 IT/OT split IT CORP & DIVISIONAL ENG. & TECH CORP & DIVISIONAL DP & MIS 6 & 7 IT Specialists LOCAL DP/MIS WIDE AREA NETWORK LOCAL ENG/TECH 5 R OFFICE LAN New OT DATA PROD'N REPORT & SCHED IT & OT Specialists Collaborate QUALITY MGT MAINT. MGT PRODUCT TRACKING 4 HISTORIAN SITEWIDE INDUSTRIAL LAN PROCESS AREA 3 PROCESS AREA 1 PROCESS AREA POWER HOUSE WAREH'SE 3 AUTOMAT'N SUPRV. SUPRV. SUPRV. SUPRV. Control Engineers OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. OPER. DISP. 2 PROPRIETARY DCS AND PLC NETWORKS IACS 1 CONTROLLERS, PLC'S, DATA ACQUISITION DEVICES, ETC.
2) WHAT SKILLS ARE REQUIRED FOR IT AND OT SYSTEMS IT and OT applications exist at all levels of the Enterprise.. Responsibility for a project or support of an operational system shall be assigned to a single Role ( e.g. Control Engineer). Similarly, for systems that are assigned to IT, Engineering supporting skills may be needed where: the environment poses special risks Special real-time control experience is necessary.
Key Take-away Messages 1. IACS = ICS + IAS + IIoT 2. IACS require the skills and experience of Industrial Control System Engineers to design and maintain. 3. Information Technology (IT) specialists must work with Control Engineers to securely interface IACS to: 1) Business Systems, 2) IoT and 3) the Internet. 4. A pile of bricks is not a building. A Cybersecure Architecture should be built-in as the facility is designed. 5. Control Engineers are responsible for all IACS 6. IACS Architectures are a key aspect of Cybersecurity.
More The structure of MLMs about IACS Architectural Levels is IACS Architectures MLM-007-A ACS Arch. Levels MLM-007-C Supervisory & IIoT Levels MLM-007-D ICS Arch. Levels MLM-007-B Touch Screen
Foundation Definitions Enterprise Control and Information Architectures may include: Enterprise Control and Information Architecture IT Cloud Cloud Computing (Internal and Internet) Business Systems IoT (Internet of Things devices and networks) Business Systems IoT PLANT FIREWALL(S) IACS ICS (Industrial Control Systems) IAS (Industrial Automation Systems) IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things devices and networks) IAS Robotics & Discrete ICS DCS, PLC & SCADA IIoT
What is Operational Technology (OT) ? There is considerable disagreement and confusion about: 1) The best definition of OT 2) What skills are required for OT systems 3) Who should be responsible for specific OT systems What is needed, is an easily-understood answer to each of these questions.
