Alcohols and Phenols Overview
Explore the classification, nomenclature, preparation methods, and chemical properties of alcohols in this comprehensive guide designed for second-year B.Sc. students at Mohanlal Sukhadia University. Learn about monohydric alcohols, unsaturated alcohols, reactions involving the double bond and hydroxyl group, as well as oxidation and other chemical processes. Enhance your understanding of this essential chemical compound with detailed explanations and visual aids.
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Presentation Transcript
Alcohols and Phenols - I B.Sc. II year Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur Dr. Tarun Kumar Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur
Alcohols General formula R-OH Alcohols are alkyl derivatives of water or hydroxyl derivatives of hydrocarbons
Classification of Alcohols (i) Classification based upon number of hydroxyl group (ii) Classification based upon nature of carbon atom bearing hydroxyl group
Monohydric Alcohols Nomenclature (i) Trivial system (ii) Derived system (iii) IUPAC system
Monohydric Alcohols Unsaturated alcohols Vinyl alcohols are highly unstable and they quickly tautomerizes to stable keto form acetaldehyde.
Methods of Preparation From alkyl halides
Methods of Preparation Allyl Alcohol 1. From glycerol 2. From propargyl alcohol
Chemical Properties 1. Reactions of double bond (i) Reduction (ii) From halogen (iii) From halogen acid
Chemical Properties (iv) Hydroxylation (iv) Ozonization
Chemical Properties 2. Reactions of OH group (i) With sodium (ii) With fatty acids (iii) With inorganic acids
Chemical Properties (iv) Oxidation
